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Characteristics and monitoring plan in the atmosphere of CO2 leakage from carbon capture and storage projects

Author

Listed:
  • Zhihan Fan

    (Ocean University of China
    China University of Mining and Technology)

  • Qianlin Zhu

    (China University of Mining and Technology)

  • Yonggang Jia

    (Ocean University of China)

Abstract

Global warming is a pressing issue that is primarily caused by the increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Achieving carbon neutrality, or climate neutrality, has become a global consensus, leading governments to implement policies and regulations. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has great potential for reducing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. However, the sealed CO2 in geological formations is susceptible to leakage. In this study, we employed the heavy gas diffusion model to show the leakage characteristics of CO2 in the atmosphere under different conditions. According to the influence of CO2 concentration in the air on humans, combined with the distribution of global carbon dioxide geological storage area and population density, the degree of damage under different leakage conditions is discussed. The results show that when the wind speed is 0.5 m/s, the leakage speed is in the range of 0–120 kg/s, and the maximum dangerous distance from the downwind is 165 m. In areas with wind grade is above 3 and the population density is less than 100 people/km2, CO2 leakage does not pose a threat to human health. Our results show the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the geological storage of CO2 after a leakage in the atmosphere and establish a risk matrix based on the hazard area and population. Furthermore, we quantitatively evaluate the potential damage caused by leakage. Based on these findings, we propose a layout scheme for monitoring sites at different storage locations, providing a foundation for CO2 geological storage monitoring efforts.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhihan Fan & Qianlin Zhu & Yonggang Jia, 2025. "Characteristics and monitoring plan in the atmosphere of CO2 leakage from carbon capture and storage projects," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(5), pages 10399-10414, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:27:y:2025:i:5:d:10.1007_s10668-023-04315-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-04315-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wen Wang & Heng Wang & Huamin Li & Dongyin Li & Huaibin Li & Zhenhua Li, 2018. "Experimental Enrichment of Low-Concentration Ventilation Air Methane in Free Diffusion Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-11, February.
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    4. Kraeusel, Jonas & Möst, Dominik, 2012. "Carbon Capture and Storage on its way to large-scale deployment: Social acceptance and willingness to pay in Germany," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 642-651.
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