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Modeling the relationship between carbon emissions and environmental sustainability during COVID-19: a new evidence from asymmetric ARDL cointegration approach

Author

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  • Muddassar Sarfraz

    (Wuxi University)

  • Muhammad Mohsin

    (Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology)

  • Sobia Naseem

    (Shijiazhuang Tiedao University)

  • Amit Kumar

    (Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology)

Abstract

The study aims to examine the CO2 emissions by considering the implication of COVID-19 under strict lockdown in India. The nonlinear (asymmetric) relationship is investigated between CO2 emission and COVID-19 with its specific determinants. The positive and negative asymmetries of COVID-19 determinants are also captured by using econometric techniques. The daily data series of CO2 emission, new confirmed cases, confirmed deaths, and lockdown as dummy variables from January 30, 2020, to December 1, 2020, for India is analyzed by employing the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model. This research revealed a significant nonlinear relationship between CO2 emission and COVID-19. The bound test and asymmetric coefficients are confirmed by the variables' long- and short-run relationships. The dynamic multiplier graphs present that India's strict lockdown due to the rapid increase in COVID-19 patients significantly reduces toxic gas emissions, especially CO2 emissions. This asymmetric relationship has been proficiently declared that unhealthy public routine, extra traffic, and unhygienic gases released in the air become the reason for environmental destruction. The lockdown is practically imposed for specific periods and reasons, contributing to reducing toxic emissions, but it is not a permanent solution for environmental sustainability. The government of India, policymakers, and environmentalists should make people aware of unhealthy and environmentally envying activities and policies and long-term applicable strategies should be designed to upgrade the environment's quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Muddassar Sarfraz & Muhammad Mohsin & Sobia Naseem & Amit Kumar, 2021. "Modeling the relationship between carbon emissions and environmental sustainability during COVID-19: a new evidence from asymmetric ARDL cointegration approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(11), pages 16208-16226, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:11:d:10.1007_s10668-021-01324-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01324-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Shah, Muhammad Ibrahim & Foglia, Matteo & Shahzad, Umer & Fareed, Zeeshan, 2022. "Green innovation, resource price and carbon emissions during the COVID-19 times: New findings from wavelet local multiple correlation analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    3. R. H. Ilyasov & V. A. Plotnikov, 2022. "Oil Production and Carbon Emissions: Spline Analysis of Relationships," Administrative Consulting, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. North-West Institute of Management., issue 5.
    4. Harshana, P.V.S. & Ratnasiri, Shyama, 2023. "Asymmetric price transmission along the supply chain of perishable agricultural commodities: A nonlinear ARDL approach," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    5. Ioan I. Gâf-Deac & Mohammad Jaradat & Florina Bran & Raluca Florentina Crețu & Daniel Moise & Svetlana Platagea Gombos & Teodora Odett Breaz, 2022. "Similarities and Proximity Symmetries for Decisions of Complex Valuation of Mining Resources in Anthropically Affected Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-22, August.

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    Keywords

    CO2 emission; Sustainable Development; Lockdown; COVID-19; NARDL;
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