IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/cejnor/v31y2023i2d10.1007_s10100-022-00821-5.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Robust portfolio optimization for banking foundations: a CVaR approach for asset allocation with mandatory constraints

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Cristina Arcuri

    (University of Parma
    SDA Bocconi School of Management)

  • Gino Gandolfi

    (University of Parma
    SDA Bocconi School of Management)

  • Fabrizio Laurini

    (University of Parma)

Abstract

This paper focuses on an innovative asset allocation strategy for risk averse investors who operate on very long-time horizons, such as endowments and the Italian foundations of banking origin (FBOs). FBOs play a pivotal role in supporting economic, financial and sustainable growth in the long term. In the search for a model which optimizes FBO portfolio choices in the light of regulatory constraints on their sizeable investable portfolio, we highlight the risk-adjusted performances obtained using a robust conditional VaR (R-CVaR) approach—assuming different risk profiles—which corrects some of the Markowitz approach pitfalls and accounts for tail risk. We compare the two models using a buy and hold strategy: the R-CVaR delivers better returns than a Markowitz portfolio, even when those performances are measured with a mean–variance metric.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Cristina Arcuri & Gino Gandolfi & Fabrizio Laurini, 2023. "Robust portfolio optimization for banking foundations: a CVaR approach for asset allocation with mandatory constraints," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 31(2), pages 557-581, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:cejnor:v:31:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s10100-022-00821-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10100-022-00821-5
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10100-022-00821-5
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s10100-022-00821-5?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alexander, Gordon J. & Baptista, Alexandre M., 2002. "Economic implications of using a mean-VaR model for portfolio selection: A comparison with mean-variance analysis," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 26(7-8), pages 1159-1193, July.
    2. Salamon, Lester M., 2014. "New Frontiers of Philanthropy: A Guide to the New Tools and New Actors that Are Reshaping Global Philanthropy and Social Investing," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199357543.
    3. Brown, Keith C. & Garlappi, Lorenzo & Tiu, Cristian, 2010. "Asset allocation and portfolio performance: Evidence from university endowment funds," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 268-294, May.
    4. Andrew Ang & Dimitris Papanikolaou & Mark M. Westerfield, 2014. "Portfolio Choice with Illiquid Assets," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 60(11), pages 2737-2761, November.
    5. Roberto Casarin & Monica Billio, 2007. "Stochastic optimization for allocation problems with shortfall risk constraints," Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 23(3), pages 247-271, May.
    6. Merton, Robert C., 1971. "Optimum consumption and portfolio rules in a continuous-time model," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 373-413, December.
    7. Maria Scutellà & Raffaella Recchia, 2013. "Robust portfolio asset allocation and risk measures," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 204(1), pages 145-169, April.
    8. Stefano Benati, 2015. "Using medians in portfolio optimization," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 66(5), pages 720-731, May.
    9. Robinson, David T. & Sensoy, Berk A., 2016. "Cyclicality, performance measurement, and cash flow liquidity in private equity," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(3), pages 521-543.
    10. Jun-Ya Gotoh & Keita Shinozaki & Akiko Takeda, 2013. "Robust portfolio techniques for mitigating the fragility of CVaR minimization and generalization to coherent risk measures," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(10), pages 1621-1635, October.
    11. Grossi, Luigi & Laurini, Fabrizio, 2009. "A robust forward weighted Lagrange multiplier test for conditional heteroscedasticity," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 53(6), pages 2251-2263, April.
    12. Jonas Gabrielsson & Morten Huse, 2004. "Context, Behavior, and Evolution: Challenges in Research on Boards and Governance," International Studies of Management & Organization, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(2), pages 11-36, January.
    13. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Jialan Wang, 2008. "Secrets of the Academy: The Drivers of University Endowment Success," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 22(3), pages 207-222, Summer.
    14. Gülpinar, Nalan & Pachamanova, Dessislava, 2013. "A robust optimization approach to asset-liability management under time-varying investment opportunities," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 2031-2041.
    15. Josh Lerner & Antoinette Schoar & Wan Wongsunwai, 2007. "Smart Institutions, Foolish Choices: The Limited Partner Performance Puzzle," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 62(2), pages 731-764, April.
    16. Adalberto RANGONE, 2012. "Foundations Of Banking Origin. Governance And Normative Profiles In The Italian Context," Romanian Journal of Economics, Institute of National Economy, vol. 35(2(44)), pages 16-32, December.
    17. Huang, Dashan & Zhu, Shu-Shang & Fabozzi, Frank J. & Fukushima, Masao, 2008. "Portfolio selection with uncertain exit time: A robust CVaR approach," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 594-623, February.
    18. Ferstl, Robert & Weissensteiner, Alex, 2011. "Asset-liability management under time-varying investment opportunities," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 182-192, January.
    19. Markus Taussig, 2009. "Where Is Credit Due? Legal Institutions, Connections, and the Efficiency of Bank Lending in Vietnam," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, vol. 25(2), pages 535-578, October.
    20. Luigi Grossi & Fabrizio Laurini, 2011. "Robust estimation of efficient mean–variance frontiers," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 5(1), pages 3-22, April.
    21. Antonio Minguzzi & Michele Modina & Carmen Gallucci, 2019. "Foundations of Banking Origin and Social Rating Philosophy—A New Proposal for an Evaluation System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-16, June.
    22. Longin, Francois & Solnik, Bruno, 1995. "Is the correlation in international equity returns constant: 1960-1990?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 3-26, February.
    23. Stephen G. Dimmock & Neng Wang & Jinqiang Yang, 2019. "The Endowment Model and Modern Portfolio Theory," NBER Working Papers 25559, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    24. Mulvey, John M. & Erkan, Hafize G., 2006. "Applying CVaR for decentralized risk management of financial companies," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 627-644, February.
    25. Victor DeMiguel & Francisco J. Nogales, 2009. "Portfolio Selection with Robust Estimation," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 57(3), pages 560-577, June.
    26. Wolfgang Bessler & Georgi Taushanov & Dominik Wolff, 2021. "Factor investing and asset allocation strategies: a comparison of factor versus sector optimization," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(6), pages 488-506, October.
    27. Francesco Pattarin, 2018. "Spending Policies of Italian Banking Foundations," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0071, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    28. Erik Bogentoft & H. Edwin Romeijn & Stanislav Uryasev, 2001. "Asset/Liability Management for Pension Funds Using CVaR Constraints," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 3(1), pages 57-71, April.
    29. Philippe Artzner & Freddy Delbaen & Jean‐Marc Eber & David Heath, 1999. "Coherent Measures of Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 203-228, July.
    30. Harlow, W. V. & Rao, Ramesh K. S., 1989. "Asset Pricing in a Generalized Mean-Lower Partial Moment Framework: Theory and Evidence," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 24(3), pages 285-311, September.
    31. Marzia De Donno & Riccardo Donati & Gino Favero & Paola Modesti, 2019. "Risk estimation for short-term financial data through pooling of stable fits," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 33(4), pages 447-470, December.
    32. Grażyna Trzpiot & Justyna Majewska, 2008. "Investment decisions and portfolios classifications based on robust methods of estimation," Operations Research and Decisions, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, vol. 18(1), pages 83-96.
    33. Alvaro Pedraza, 2015. "Strategic Interactions and Portfolio Choice in Money Management: Theory and Evidence," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 47(8), pages 1531-1569, December.
    34. Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell & Uryasev, Stanislav, 2002. "Conditional value-at-risk for general loss distributions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(7), pages 1443-1471, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sofia Johan & Minjie Zhang, 2021. "Information Asymmetries in Private Equity: Reporting Frequency, Endowments, and Governance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 174(1), pages 199-220, November.
    2. Panos Xidonas & Ralph Steuer & Christis Hassapis, 2020. "Robust portfolio optimization: a categorized bibliographic review," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 292(1), pages 533-552, September.
    3. Alireza Ghahtarani & Ahmed Saif & Alireza Ghasemi, 2022. "Robust portfolio selection problems: a comprehensive review," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 3203-3264, September.
    4. Alireza Ghahtarani & Ahmed Saif & Alireza Ghasemi, 2021. "Robust Portfolio Selection Problems: A Comprehensive Review," Papers 2103.13806, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2022.
    5. Ferstl, Robert & Weissensteiner, Alex, 2011. "Asset-liability management under time-varying investment opportunities," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 182-192, January.
    6. Maria Scutellà & Raffaella Recchia, 2013. "Robust portfolio asset allocation and risk measures," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 204(1), pages 145-169, April.
    7. Stephen G. Dimmock & Neng Wang & Jinqiang Yang, 2019. "The Endowment Model and Modern Portfolio Theory," NBER Working Papers 25559, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Keith Brown & Cristian Tiu, 2013. "The Interaction of Spending Policies, Asset Allocation Strategies, and Investment Performance at University Endowment Funds," NBER Working Papers 19517, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Frank Fabozzi & Dashan Huang & Guofu Zhou, 2010. "Robust portfolios: contributions from operations research and finance," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 176(1), pages 191-220, April.
    10. Keith C. Brown & Cristian Ioan Tiu, 2013. "The Interaction of Spending Policies, Asset Allocation Strategies, and Investment Performance at University Endowment Funds," NBER Chapters, in: How the Financial Crisis and Great Recession Affected Higher Education, pages 43-98, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Zhu, Shushang & Fan, Minjie & Li, Duan, 2014. "Portfolio management with robustness in both prediction and decision: A mixture model based learning approach," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 1-25.
    12. Ken Kobayashi & Yuichi Takano & Kazuhide Nakata, 2021. "Bilevel cutting-plane algorithm for cardinality-constrained mean-CVaR portfolio optimization," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 81(2), pages 493-528, October.
    13. Benati, S. & Conde, E., 2022. "A relative robust approach on expected returns with bounded CVaR for portfolio selection," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 296(1), pages 332-352.
    14. Davi Valladão & Thuener Silva & Marcus Poggi, 2019. "Time-consistent risk-constrained dynamic portfolio optimization with transactional costs and time-dependent returns," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 282(1), pages 379-405, November.
    15. Harvey S. Rosen & Alexander J.W. Sappington, 2015. "What Do University Endowment Managers Worry About? An Analysis of Alternative Asset Investments and Background Income," Working Papers 244, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
    16. Topaloglou, Nikolas & Vladimirou, Hercules & Zenios, Stavros A., 2020. "Integrated dynamic models for hedging international portfolio risks," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 285(1), pages 48-65.
    17. Penaranda, Francisco, 2007. "Portfolio choice beyond the traditional approach," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 24481, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    18. Brandtner, Mario, 2018. "Expected Shortfall, spectral risk measures, and the aggravating effect of background risk, or: risk vulnerability and the problem of subadditivity," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 138-149.
    19. Brown, Gregory W. & Gredil, Oleg R. & Kaplan, Steven N., 2019. "Do private equity funds manipulate reported returns?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(2), pages 267-297.
    20. Taras Bodnar & Mathias Lindholm & Erik Thorsén & Joanna Tyrcha, 2021. "Quantile-based optimal portfolio selection," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 299-324, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:cejnor:v:31:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s10100-022-00821-5. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.