IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/toueco/v18y2012i5p953-969.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Tourism Development in a Difficult Environment: A Study of Consumer Attitudes, Travel Risk Perceptions and the Termination of Demand

Author

Listed:
  • Yeganeh Morakabati

    (School of Tourism, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK)

  • John Fletcher

    (School of Tourism, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK)

  • Bruce Prideaux

    (Professor of Marketing and Tourism Management, School of Business, James Cook University, PO Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia, and Visiting Professor, School of Tourism, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK)

Abstract

The tourism system is complex and tends to be adaptive to internal and external events, such that its development is subject to a myriad of forces, some planned some not, that can result in significant deviations from a desired development path. The events that can lead to a termination of demand are many and may be economic, environmental, health-related or political, with access eased or restricted, or the safety of tourists thrown into question. This paper presents the findings of research into the travel risk perceptions and attitudes of a sample of UK residents when considering travel to a group of selected countries in and around the Middle East region. The UK accounted for approximately 4.5 million arrivals per year in these countries during the period 2007 to 2009. The results are based on a sample of 394 respondents to a UK survey which ran from October 2010 to April 2011.

Suggested Citation

  • Yeganeh Morakabati & John Fletcher & Bruce Prideaux, 2012. "Tourism Development in a Difficult Environment: A Study of Consumer Attitudes, Travel Risk Perceptions and the Termination of Demand," Tourism Economics, , vol. 18(5), pages 953-969, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:toueco:v:18:y:2012:i:5:p:953-969
    DOI: 10.5367/te.2012.0162
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.5367/te.2012.0162
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.5367/te.2012.0162?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eric Neumayer, 2004. "The Impact of Political Violence on Tourism," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 48(2), pages 259-281, April.
    2. Inglehart, Ronald, 1985. "Aggregate Stability and Individual-Level Flux in Mass Belief Systems: The Level of Analysis Paradox," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 79(1), pages 97-116, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jian Ming Luo & Chi Fung Lam, 2020. "Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, October.
    2. Jackman, Mahalia & Lorde, Troy & Naitram, Simon & Greenaway, Tori, 2020. "Distance matters: the impact of physical and relative distance on pleasure tourists' length of stay in Barbados," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    3. Taeuk Kim & Jungwoo Ha, 2023. "Applying a Goal-Directed Behavior Model to Determine Risk Perception of COVID-19 and War on Potential Travelers’ Behavioral Intentions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, January.
    4. Simpson, Joseph J. & Simpson, Penny M. & Cruz-Milán, Oliver, 2016. "Attitude towards immigrants and security: Effects on destination-loyal tourists," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 373-386.
    5. Ioannis Kostakis, 2020. "Is Tourism a Key Factor for Economic Growth? Fresh Evidence from South Europe Using Panel Cointegration and PVAR Analyses," World Journal of Applied Economics, WERI-World Economic Research Institute, vol. 6(2), pages 123-138, December.
    6. Minhong Kim & Kyu Ha Choi & Becca Leopkey, 2021. "The influence of tourist risk perceptions on travel intention to mega sporting event destinations with different levels of risk," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(3), pages 419-435, May.
    7. Hongjuan Song & Yushi Jiang, 2019. "Dynamic pricing decisions by potential tourists under uncertainty: The effects of tourism advertising," Tourism Economics, , vol. 25(2), pages 213-234, March.
    8. Ioannis Kostakis & Eleni Theodoropoulou, 2017. "Spatial analysis of the nexus between tourism–human capital–economic growth," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(7), pages 1523-1534, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Endrich, Marek, 2020. "The good tourist, the bad refugee and the ugly German: Xenophobic activities and tourism," VfS Annual Conference 2020 (Virtual Conference): Gender Economics 224604, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    2. Abdul Rauf & Ameer Muhammad Aamir Abbas & Asim Rafiq & Saifullah Shakir & Saira Abid, 2022. "The Impact of Political Instability, Food Prices, and Crime Rate on Tourism: A Way toward Sustainable Tourism in Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-17, December.
    3. María Santana-Gallego & Johan Fourie, 2022. "Tourism falls apart: How insecurity affects African tourism," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(4), pages 995-1008, June.
    4. Carolyn Chisadza & Matthew Clance & Rangan Gupta & Peter Wanke, 2022. "Uncertainty and tourism in Africa," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(4), pages 964-978, June.
    5. Marc Vothknecht & Sudarno Sumarto, "undated". "Beyond the Overall Economic Downturn: Evidence on Sector-specific Effects of Violent Conflict from Indonesia," Working Papers 297, Publications Department.
    6. Gardeazabal, Javier, 2010. "Methods for Measuring Aggregate Costs of Conflict," DFAEII Working Papers 1988-088X, University of the Basque Country - Department of Foundations of Economic Analysis II.
    7. Timothy Besley & Thiemo Fetzer & Hannes Mueller, 2023. "How Big Is the Media Multiplier? Evidence from Dyadic News Data," CESifo Working Paper Series 10619, CESifo.
    8. F. Di Lascio & Simone Giannerini & Antonello Scorcu & Guido Candela, 2011. "Cultural tourism and temporary art exhibitions in Italy: a panel data analysis," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 20(4), pages 519-542, November.
    9. Omkar Joshi & Neelam C. Poudyal & Lincoln R. Larson, 2017. "The influence of sociopolitical, natural, and cultural factors on international tourism growth: a cross-country panel analysis," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 825-838, June.
    10. Grigorescu Adriana & Chițescu Răzvan Ion & Frînculeasa Mădălina Nicoleta, 2018. "The Impact of Turkey's Socio-Political and Natural Context on Tourism Between 2010 and 2018," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 0(2), pages 20-26, December.
    11. Jona Schellekens & David Gliksberg, 2018. "The Decline in Marriage in Israel, 1960–2007: Period or Cohort Effect?," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(1), pages 119-142, February.
    12. Besley, Timothy & Fetzer, Thiemo & Mueller, Hannes, 2019. "Terror and Tourism: The Economic Consequences of Media Coverage," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 449, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    13. Schmude Jürgen & Karl Marion & Weber Florian, 2020. "Tourism and Terrorism: Economic impact of terrorist attacks on the tourism industry. The example of the destination of Paris," ZFW – Advances in Economic Geography, De Gruyter, vol. 64(2), pages 88-102, June.
    14. Habibullah, Muzafar & Haji Din, Badariah & Tan, Siow-Hooi, 2018. "Does Country with Multi-ethnic, Multi-linguistic and Multi-religious Society Induce Tourist Arrivals? Worldwide Evidence," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 52(1), pages 105-115.
    15. Samer Matta, 2017. "The Microeconomic Impact of Political Instability: Firm-Level Evidence from Tunisia," Working Papers 1135, Economic Research Forum, revised 09 Jul 2017.
    16. Stanislav Hristov Ivanov & Craig Webster & Elitza Stoilova & Daniel Slobodskoy, 2022. "Biosecurity, crisis management, automation technologies and economic performance of travel, tourism and hospitality companies – A conceptual framework," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(1), pages 3-26, February.
    17. Blanka Škrabić Perić & Blanka Šimundić & Vinko Muštra & Marijana Vugdelija, 2021. "The Role of UNESCO Cultural Heritage and Cultural Sector in Tourism Development: The Case of EU Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-14, May.
    18. Amihai Glazer & Bernard Grofman, 1989. "Why representatives are ideologists though voters are not," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 61(1), pages 29-39, April.
    19. Nicoletta Batini, 2019. "Macroeconomic Gains from Reforming the Agri-Food Sector: The Case of France," IMF Working Papers 2019/041, International Monetary Fund.
    20. Eric Tchouamou Njoya & Marina Efthymiou & Alexandros Nikitas & John F. O’Connell, 2022. "The Effects of Diminished Tourism Arrivals and Expenditures Caused by Terrorism and Political Unrest on the Kenyan Economy," Economies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-20, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:toueco:v:18:y:2012:i:5:p:953-969. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.