IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/engenv/v32y2021i4p565-603.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Offshore wind energy status, challenges, opportunities, environmental impacts, occupational health, and safety management in India

Author

Listed:
  • J Charles Rajesh Kumar
  • D Vinod Kumar
  • D Baskar
  • B Mary Arunsi
  • R Jenova
  • MA Majid

Abstract

Offshore wind is at its infancy in terms of technology and capacities in India. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) announced medium and long term offshore targets of 5 GW and 30 GW by 2022 and 2030, respectively. The location of the first offshore wind park has recently been identified, and the Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) has signed a contract with the Government of Gujarat to establish the 1000 MW of offshore wind energy capacity by 2019. To achieve the ambitious targets, India will require demand and resources planning, and policy support at an unprecedented scale. The MNRE notified the country’s offshore wind energy policy in 2015, and draft offshore wind energy lease rules in 2019. In this paper, several offshore wind energy challenges have been identified, and a clear policy road map and effective support schemes required to trigger offshore wind development activity for medium to long term are suggested. The environmental consequences of European offshore wind farms are assessed to optimize future monitoring of offshore wind programmes in India. Furthermore, the occupational health and safety management requirements are highlighted to ensure that the accidents, vulnerabilities, and hazards are avoided. The research and development (R&D) considerations are provided to assist policymakers, potential investors, stakeholders, designers and manufacturers, contractors, professional advisers, and wind farm developers in their decisions and planning.

Suggested Citation

  • J Charles Rajesh Kumar & D Vinod Kumar & D Baskar & B Mary Arunsi & R Jenova & MA Majid, 2021. "Offshore wind energy status, challenges, opportunities, environmental impacts, occupational health, and safety management in India," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(4), pages 565-603, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:engenv:v:32:y:2021:i:4:p:565-603
    DOI: 10.1177/0958305X20946483
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0958305X20946483
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/0958305X20946483?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Martin, Rebecca & Lazakis, Iraklis & Barbouchi, Sami & Johanning, Lars, 2016. "Sensitivity analysis of offshore wind farm operation and maintenance cost and availability," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 1226-1236.
    2. Dedecca, João Gorenstein & Hakvoort, Rudi A. & Ortt, J. Roland, 2016. "Market strategies for offshore wind in Europe: A development and diffusion perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 286-296.
    3. Voormolen, J.A. & Junginger, H.M. & van Sark, W.G.J.H.M., 2016. "Unravelling historical cost developments of offshore wind energy in Europe," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 435-444.
    4. S. Pryor & R. Barthelmie, 2013. "Assessing the vulnerability of wind energy to climate change and extreme events," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 121(1), pages 79-91, November.
    5. Kota, Sandhya & Bayne, Stephen B. & Nimmagadda, Sandeep, 2015. "Offshore wind energy: A comparative analysis of UK, USA and India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 685-694.
    6. Kausche, Michael & Adam, Frank & Dahlhaus, Frank & Großmann, Jochen, 2018. "Floating offshore wind - Economic and ecological challenges of a TLP solution," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 270-280.
    7. Myhr, Anders & Bjerkseter, Catho & Ågotnes, Anders & Nygaard, Tor A., 2014. "Levelised cost of energy for offshore floating wind turbines in a life cycle perspective," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 714-728.
    8. Mani, Swaminathan & Dhingra, Tarun, 2013. "Policies to accelerate the growth of offshore wind energy sector in India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 473-482.
    9. Hong, Lixuan & Möller, Bernd, 2011. "Offshore wind energy potential in China: Under technical, spatial and economic constraints," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4482-4491.
    10. Poulsen, Thomas & Lema, Rasmus, 2017. "Is the supply chain ready for the green transformation? The case of offshore wind logistics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 758-771.
    11. Solaun, Kepa & Cerdá, Emilio, 2020. "Impacts of climate change on wind energy power – Four wind farms in Spain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 1306-1316.
    12. Unknown, 2016. "Energy for Sustainable Development," Conference Proceedings 253270, Guru Arjan Dev Institute of Development Studies (IDSAsr).
    13. Pryor, S.C. & Barthelmie, R.J., 2010. "Climate change impacts on wind energy: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 430-437, January.
    14. Esteban, M. Dolores & Diez, J. Javier & López, Jose S. & Negro, Vicente, 2011. "Why offshore wind energy?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 444-450.
    15. Willsteed, Edward A. & Jude, Simon & Gill, Andrew B. & Birchenough, Silvana N.R., 2018. "Obligations and aspirations: A critical evaluation of offshore wind farm cumulative impact assessments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2332-2345.
    16. Snyder, Brian & Kaiser, Mark J., 2009. "A comparison of offshore wind power development in europe and the U.S.: Patterns and drivers of development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(10), pages 1845-1856, October.
    17. Charles Rajesh Kumar J & Vinod Kumar D & MA Majid, 2019. "Wind energy programme in India: Emerging energy alternatives for sustainable growth," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(7), pages 1135-1189, November.
    18. Mani, Swaminathan & Dhingra, Tarun, 2013. "Critique of offshore wind energy policies of the UK and Germany—What are the lessons for India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 900-909.
    19. Hevia-Koch, Pablo & Klinge Jacobsen, Henrik, 2019. "Comparing offshore and onshore wind development considering acceptance costs," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 9-19.
    20. Carvalho, D. & Rocha, A. & Gómez-Gesteira, M. & Silva Santos, C., 2017. "Potential impacts of climate change on European wind energy resource under the CMIP5 future climate projections," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 29-40.
    21. Breton, Simon-Philippe & Moe, Geir, 2009. "Status, plans and technologies for offshore wind turbines in Europe and North America," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 646-654.
    22. Kar, Sanjay Kumar & Sharma, Atul, 2015. "Wind power developments in India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 264-275.
    23. Bouman, Evert A. & Øberg, Martha M. & Hertwich, Edgar G., 2016. "Environmental impacts of balancing offshore wind power with compressed air energy storage (CAES)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 91-98.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. McCauley, Darren & Pettigrew, Kerry, 2023. "Building a just transition in asia-pacific: Four strategies for reducing fossil fuel dependence and investing in clean energy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    2. Hussain, Waqar & Khan, Sadia & Mover, Ather Hussain, 2022. "Development of quality, environment, health, and safety (QEHS) management system and its integration in operation and maintenance (O&M) of onshore wind energy industries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 220-233.
    3. N. Aravindhan & M. P. Natarajan & S. Ponnuvel & P.K. Devan, 2023. "Recent developments and issues of small-scale wind turbines in urban residential buildings- A review," Energy & Environment, , vol. 34(4), pages 1142-1169, June.
    4. Govindan, Kannan, 2023. "Pathways to low carbon energy transition through multi criteria assessment of offshore wind energy barriers," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zountouridou, E.I. & Kiokes, G.C. & Chakalis, S. & Georgilakis, P.S. & Hatziargyriou, N.D., 2015. "Offshore floating wind parks in the deep waters of Mediterranean Sea," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 433-448.
    2. Li, Jiale & Yu, Xiong (Bill), 2018. "Onshore and offshore wind energy potential assessment near Lake Erie shoreline: A spatial and temporal analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 1092-1107.
    3. Martinez, A. & Iglesias, G., 2022. "Mapping of the levelised cost of energy for floating offshore wind in the European Atlantic," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    4. Charles Rajesh Kumar J & Vinod Kumar D & MA Majid, 2019. "Wind energy programme in India: Emerging energy alternatives for sustainable growth," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(7), pages 1135-1189, November.
    5. Govindan, Kannan, 2023. "Pathways to low carbon energy transition through multi criteria assessment of offshore wind energy barriers," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    6. Rusu, Eugen & Onea, Florin, 2019. "A parallel evaluation of the wind and wave energy resources along the Latin American and European coastal environments," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1594-1607.
    7. van der Loos, Adriaan & Langeveld, Rowan & Hekkert, Marko & Negro, Simona & Truffer, Bernhard, 2022. "Developing local industries and global value chains: The case of offshore wind," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    8. Yue Zhao & Jijian Lian & Chong Lian & Xiaofeng Dong & Haijun Wang & Chunxi Liu & Qi Jiang & Pengwen Wang, 2019. "Stochastic Dynamic Analysis of an Offshore Wind Turbine Structure by the Path Integration Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-18, August.
    9. Armagan Canan, 2023. "Offshore wind energy policy paths: A comparative analysis of Denmark and Germany," ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2023(1), pages 35-59.
    10. Ho, Lip-Wah & Lie, Tek-Tjing & Leong, Paul TM & Clear, Tony, 2018. "Developing offshore wind farm siting criteria by using an international Delphi method," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 53-67.
    11. Javier Serrano González & Manuel Burgos Payán & Jesús Manuel Riquelme Santos & Ángel Gaspar González Rodríguez, 2021. "Optimal Micro-Siting of Weathervaning Floating Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.
    12. Castro-Santos, Laura & Martins, Elson & Guedes Soares, C., 2016. "Cost assessment methodology for combined wind and wave floating offshore renewable energy systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 866-880.
    13. Sun, Xiaojing & Huang, Diangui & Wu, Guoqing, 2012. "The current state of offshore wind energy technology development," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 298-312.
    14. Karimirad, Madjid & Michailides, Constantine, 2015. "V-shaped semisubmersible offshore wind turbine: An alternative concept for offshore wind technology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 126-143.
    15. Farboud Khatami & Erfan Goharian, 2022. "Beyond Profitable Shifts to Green Energies, towards Energy Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-28, April.
    16. Brooks, Sam & Mahmood, Minhal & Roy, Rajkumar & Manolesos, Marinos & Salonitis, Konstantinos, 2023. "Self-reconfiguration simulations of turbines to reduce uneven farm degradation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1301-1314.
    17. Nguyen, Thi Anh Tuyet & Chou, Shuo-Yan, 2018. "Impact of government subsidies on economic feasibility of offshore wind system: Implications for Taiwan energy policies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 336-345.
    18. Mostafaeipour, Ali, 2010. "Feasibility study of offshore wind turbine installation in Iran compared with the world," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(7), pages 1722-1743, September.
    19. Kamila Pronińska & Krzysztof Księżopolski, 2021. "Baltic Offshore Wind Energy Development—Poland’s Public Policy Tools Analysis and the Geostrategic Implications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-17, August.
    20. Laura Castro-Santos & Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso & Carlos Álvarez-Feal & Luis Carral, 2018. "Influence of Size on the Economic Feasibility of Floating Offshore Wind Farms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-13, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:engenv:v:32:y:2021:i:4:p:565-603. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.