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Development, Validity and Reliability of a Questionnaire on Psychological Factors of Organic Food Consumption among Malaysian Adults

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  • Nur Aqilah Amalina Jaafar
  • Norhasmah Sulaiman
  • Mohd Redzwan Sabran
  • Shamsul Azahari Zainal Badari

Abstract

People believe organic food is safer and healthier since it limits the use of synthetic chemicals as agricultural inputs, which has increased global demand for it. However, it has been reported that Malaysians' actual consumption of organic food is low, despite their great intention to do so. Much previous research has proposed trust in organic food labeling and certification as a potential cause of the intention-behavior gap. However, empirical data to support this view is still lacking. This study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess Malaysians' intention and actual consumption of organic food, along with its factors, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with trust as an additional construct. Before the study, the questionnaire was pre-tested for face validity by five expert panels. This cross-sectional study gathered 119 usable self-administered questionnaires completed by Malaysian adults aged 18 to 64. The construct validity was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal component analysis (PCA), and varimax rotation. There was a three-factor solution for the attitude construct namely health, food safety, and environmental concern, while only one-factor solution for subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, trust, intention, and actual consumption of organic food. Each construct had a minimum Cronbach's alpha of .70. The questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in larger study settings to further understand the psychological factors of organic food consumption among Malaysian adults to promote more sustainable food consumption in this nation.

Suggested Citation

  • Nur Aqilah Amalina Jaafar & Norhasmah Sulaiman & Mohd Redzwan Sabran & Shamsul Azahari Zainal Badari, 2023. "Development, Validity and Reliability of a Questionnaire on Psychological Factors of Organic Food Consumption among Malaysian Adults," Information Management and Business Review, AMH International, vol. 15(2), pages 57-69.
    • Handle: RePEc:rnd:arimbr:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:57-69
    DOI: 10.22610/imbr.v15i2(I)SI.3417
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Voon, Thomas Jan P. & Ngui, Kwang Sing & Agrawal, Anand, 2011. "Determinants of Willingness to Purchase Organic Food: An Exploratory Study Using Structural Equation Modeling," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 14(2), pages 1-18, May.
    2. Seong-Gin Moon & Seong Young Jeong & Yongrok Choi, 2017. "Moderating Effects of Trust on Environmentally Significant Behavior in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-19, March.
    3. Yadav, Rambalak & Pathak, Govind S., 2017. "Determinants of Consumers' Green Purchase Behavior in a Developing Nation: Applying and Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 114-122.
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