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An Asymmetric Common-Value Auction Model

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  • Donald B. Hausch

Abstract

This article develops a model allowing asymmetric information between two bidders in an auction for a common-value object. It supposes that there is a common prior distribution on the object's value and that each bidder receives a private signal conditional on the object's unknown true value. Asymmetry comes about through a difference in the precision of the bidder's signals. Placing a restriction on the nature of this difference, I determine the equilibrium bidding strategies for the first-price and second-price auctions. The strategies are symmetric, and the second-price auction generates a higher seller's expected revenue, a result that extends the well-known revenue-ordering result of symmetric-information auctions. I do, however, provide an example to show that this ordering is not necessarily maintained in a less restricted asymmetric setting. Finally, another example illustrates that the seller may prefer that bidders be asymmetrically informed to releasing information that would reduce the asymmetry.

Suggested Citation

  • Donald B. Hausch, 1987. "An Asymmetric Common-Value Auction Model," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 18(4), pages 611-621, Winter.
  • Handle: RePEc:rje:randje:v:18:y:1987:i:winter:p:611-621
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    Cited by:

    1. Bongaerts, Dion & Achter, Mark Van, 2021. "Competition among liquidity providers with access to high-frequency trading technology," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(1), pages 220-249.
    2. Glenn W. Harrison & John A. List, 2008. "Naturally Occurring Markets and Exogenous Laboratory Experiments: A Case Study of the Winner's Curse," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 118(528), pages 822-843, April.
    3. He, Zhiguo & Huang, Jing & Zhou, Jidong, 2023. "Open banking: Credit market competition when borrowers own the data," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(2), pages 449-474.
    4. Malueg, David A. & Orzach, Ram, 2009. "Revenue comparison in common-value auctions: Two examples," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 105(2), pages 177-180, November.
    5. David Malueg & Ram Orzach, 2012. "Equilibrium and revenue in a family of common-value first-price auctions with differential information," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, vol. 41(2), pages 219-254, May.
    6. Joel O. Wooten & Joan M. Donohue & Timothy D. Fry & Kathleen M. Whitcomb, 2020. "To Thine Own Self Be True: Asymmetric Information in Procurement Auctions," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 29(7), pages 1679-1701, July.
    7. Cécile Aubert & Philippe Bontems & François Salanié, 2006. "Le Renouvellement Périodique Des Contrats De Concession: Le Cas Des Services De L'Eau," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 77(4), pages 495-520, December.
    8. Jianpei Li & Yi Xue & Weixing Wu, 2013. "Partnership dissolution and proprietary information," Social Choice and Welfare, Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 40(2), pages 495-527, February.
    9. Xinyan Shi, 2013. "Common-value auctions with asymmetrically informed bidders and reserve price," International Journal of Economic Theory, The International Society for Economic Theory, vol. 9(2), pages 161-175, June.
    10. Waehrer, Keith, 1999. "Asymmetric private values auctions with application to joint bidding and mergers," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 437-452, April.
    11. Kannan Srinivasan & Xin Wang, 2010. "Commentary--Bidders' Experience and Learning in Online Auctions: Issues and Implications," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 29(6), pages 988-993, 11-12.
    12. Jihui Chen & Maochao Xu, 2015. "Asymmetry and revenue in second-price auctions: a majorization approach," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 39(3), pages 625-640, July.
    13. Vasilis Syrgkanis & David Kempe & Eva Tardos, 2019. "Information Asymmetries in Common-Value Auctions with Discrete Signals," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 44(4), pages 1450-1476, November.
    14. Banerjee, Priyodorshi, 2005. "Common value auctions with asymmetric bidder information," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 47-53, July.
    15. Ruqu Wang & Jun Zhang, 2010. "Common Value Auctions With Return Policies," Working Paper 1235, Economics Department, Queen's University.
    16. Johannes Horner & Julian Jamison, 2003. "Private Information in Repeated Auctions," Levine's Bibliography 666156000000000108, UCLA Department of Economics.
    17. Jibang Wu & Ashwinkumar Badanidiyuru & Haifeng Xu, 2021. "Auctioning with Strategically Reticent Bidders," Papers 2109.04888, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2023.

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