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Open Banking: Credit Market Competition When Borrowers Own the Data

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  • Zhiguo He
  • Jing Huang
  • Jidong Zhou

Abstract

Open banking facilitates data sharing consented by customers who generate the data, with a regulatory goal of promoting competition between traditional banks and challenger fintech entrants. We study lending market competition when sharing banks' customer data enables better borrower screening or targeting by fintech lenders. Open banking could make the entire financial industry better off yet leave all borrowers worse off, even if borrowers could choose whether to share their data. We highlight the importance of equilibrium credit quality inference from borrowers' endogenous sign-up decisions. When data sharing triggers privacy concerns by facilitating exploitative targeted loans, the equilibrium sign-up population can grow with the degree of privacy concerns.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhiguo He & Jing Huang & Jidong Zhou, 2020. "Open Banking: Credit Market Competition When Borrowers Own the Data," NBER Working Papers 28118, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:28118
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    Cited by:

    1. Nam, Rachel J., 2022. "Open banking and customer data sharing: Implications for FinTech borrowers," SAFE Working Paper Series 364, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    2. Choe, Chongwoo & Matsushima, Noriaki & Tremblay, Mark J., 2022. "Behavior-based personalized pricing: When firms can share customer information," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    3. Gambacorta, Leonardo & Khalil, Fahad & Parigi, Bruno, 2022. "Big Techs vs Banks," CEPR Discussion Papers 17649, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    4. Sally Chen & Derryl D'Silva & Frank Packer & Siddharth Tiwari, 2022. "Virtual banking and beyond," BIS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 120.
    5. Lizethe Berenice Méndez-Heras & Francisco Venegas-Martínez & Diego Emilio Linthon-Delgado, 2021. "Competencia en el mercado de crédito entre los bancos dominantes en México," Remef - Revista Mexicana de Economía y Finanzas Nueva Época REMEF (The Mexican Journal of Economics and Finance), Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas, IMEF, vol. 16(TNEA), pages 1-25, Septiembr.
    6. Bianchi, Milo & Bouvard, Matthieu & Gomes, Renato & Rhodes, Andrew & Shreeti, Vatsala, 2023. "Mobile payments and interoperability: Insights from the academic literature," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    7. Arif Perdana & Pearpilai Jutasompakorn & Sunghun Chung, 2023. "Shaping crowdlending investors’ trust: Technological, social, and economic exchange perspectives," Electronic Markets, Springer;IIM University of St. Gallen, vol. 33(1), pages 1-17, December.
    8. Jesper Akesson & John Gathergood & Edika Quispe-Torreblanca, 2023. "Preventing Payments Fraud in the FinTech Era: New Evidence from a Behavioural Experiment," Discussion Papers 2023-08, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham.
    9. Salvatore Cardillo & Raffaele Gallo & Francesco Guarino, 2021. "Main challenges and prospects for the European banking sector: a critical review of the ongoing debate," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 634, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    10. Gorka Briones de Araluze & Natalia Cassinello Plaza, 2023. "The Relevance of Initial Trust and Social Influence in the Intention to Use Open Banking-Based Services: An Empirical Study," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(3), pages 21582440231, July.
    11. Yannelis, Constantine & Zhang, Anthony Lee, 2023. "Competition and selection in credit markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 150(2).
    12. Yuteng Cheng & Ryuichiro Izumi, 2023. "CBDC: Banking and Anonymity," Wesleyan Economics Working Papers 2023-002, Wesleyan University, Department of Economics.
    13. Yan Wang & Ping Han, 2023. "Digital Transformation, Service-Oriented Manufacturing, and Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from A-Share Listed Companies in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-24, June.
    14. Ryan Clements, 2022. "Could Alberta Enact a Sub-National Open Banking Regime?," SPP Research Papers, The School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, vol. 15(30), October.
    15. Babina, Tania & Bahaj, Saleem & Buchak, Greg & De Marco, Filippo & Foulis, Angus & Gornall, Will & Mazzola, Francesco & Yu, Tong, 2024. "Customer data access and fintech entry: early evidence from open banking," Bank of England working papers 1059, Bank of England.
    16. Jonathan Chiu & Thorsten Koeppl, 2022. "PayTech and the D(ata) N(etwork) A(ctivities) of BigTech Platforms," Staff Working Papers 22-35, Bank of Canada.
    17. Qian Liu & Yiheng You, 2023. "FinTech and Green Credit Development—Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-23, March.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D18 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Protection
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
    • L15 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Information and Product Quality
    • L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation

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