IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/reveco/reco_0035-2764_1994_num_45_3_409569.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

L'avenir du régime de retraite français : les enseignements d'un modèle à générations imbriquées

Author

Listed:
  • Thierry Chauveau
  • Rahim Loufir

Abstract

[fre] L'avenir du régime de retraite français. Les enseignements d'un modèle à générations imbriquées. . À l'aide d'un modèle d'équilibre général calculable à générations imbriquées de l'économie française, nous examinons les conséquences de trois mesures susceptibles de limiter la hausse prévisible des cotisations retraite : une baisse du taux de remplacement, le recul de l'âge légal de départ à la retraite ou la mise en place d'un fonds de régulation. Dans le scénario de référence, comme dans les variantes, la transition démographique est analogue à celle décrite dans les projections officielles. Il apparaît que le maintien du système actuel demeure envisageable dans la mesure où l'augmentation du prélèvement sur les actifs au profit des retraités est compensée, au moins partiellement, par la diminution de l'importance relative du nombre d'enfants à élever et des charges d'éducation correspondantes. Ce maintien semble, néanmoins, peu souhaitable en raison du risque démographique et du manque d'équité du système actuel apprécié à l'aide du rap­port entre les prestations actualisées perçues par une génération et les cotisations actualisées qu'elle verse. Au regard de ce simple critère actuariel, c'est la variante « fonds » — assimilable à de la capitalisation obligatoire et transitoire — qui semble la plus séduisante ; elle aurait, parai/leurs, des effets macro-économiques très limités. Si l'on adopte un point de vue d'équilibre général, c'est, au contraire, la variante « recul de l'âge de la retraite » qui semble surclasser les autres, tant au niveau des agrégats par tête qu'en termes de bien-être social, mais ce résultat n'est obtenu qu'au prix d'hypothèses assez fortes. Cette variante pénalise par ailleurs assez durement, en matière d'équité actuarielle, les générations qui sont aujourd'hui sur le marché du travail. À noter, enfin, qu'une diminution du taux de remplacement aurait des effets intermédiaires. [eng] The future of the french public pension system : some lessons from a dynamic overlapping generations model. . A dynamic computable general equilibrium model with overlapping generations is used to appraise the consequences, in France, of three social security policies : a cut in the replacement rate, an increase in retirement age, and the creation of a trahsitory fund. Whatever the scenario, the demographie transition is assumed to be close to the one described in officiai prospects. The main results are the following : maitaining the current System remains a reasonable option since slump should not occur during the transition period. Nevertheless, this option may seem undesirable, because of the demographie risk and the lack of equity (appraised with respect to a simple actuariat criterion, the ratio of the present value of pensions received by a generation over the present value of its social contributions) of the current pensions System. According to this criterion, the « fund » option appears to be the fairest. From a general equilibrium point of view, the scenario « increasing the legal retirement age » seems to dominate ail other options when macroe-conomic outcomes (e.g per capita aggregates) or social welfare are considered. Never- theless these results hold under restrictive assumptions Finally cut in the replacement rate would have intermediate effects

Suggested Citation

  • Thierry Chauveau & Rahim Loufir, 1994. "L'avenir du régime de retraite français : les enseignements d'un modèle à générations imbriquées," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 45(3), pages 789-804.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1994_num_45_3_409569
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1994.409569
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1994.409569
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/reco.1994.409569
    Download Restriction: Data and metadata provided by Persée are licensed under a Creative Commons "Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0" License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/reco_0035-2764_1994_num_45_3_409569
    Download Restriction: Data and metadata provided by Persée are licensed under a Creative Commons "Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0" License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/reco.1994.409569?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fair, Ray C & Taylor, John B, 1983. "Solution and Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Dynamic Nonlinear Rational Expectations Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 51(4), pages 1169-1185, July.
    2. Didier Blanchet, 1992. "Retraites et croissance à long terme. Un essai de simulation," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 105(4), pages 1-16.
    3. Paul A. Samuelson, 1958. "An Exact Consumption-Loan Model of Interest with or without the Social Contrivance of Money," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 66(6), pages 467-467.
    4. Rawls, John, 1974. "Some Reasons for the Maximin Criterion," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 64(2), pages 141-146, May.
    5. Abba P. Lerner, 1959. "Consumption-Loan Interest and Money," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 67(5), pages 512-512.
    6. Steigum, E.Jr., 1992. "Accounting for Long-Run Effects of Fiscal Policy by Means of Computable Overlapping Generations Models," Papers 05-92, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration-.
    7. Paul A. Samuelson, 1959. "Consumption-Loan Interest and Money: Reply," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 67(5), pages 518-518.
    8. Abba P. Lerner, 1959. "Consumption-Loan Interest and Money: Rejoinder," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 67(5), pages 523-523.
    9. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2588 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Marc Fleurbaey & Philippe Michel, 1992. "Quelle justice pour les retraites ?," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 23(4), pages 47-64.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Thierry Chauveau & Rahim Loufir, 1995. "L'avenir des régimes publics de retraite dans les pays du G7," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 52(1), pages 49-103.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Thierry Chauveau & Rahim Loufir, 1994. "Allongement de l'espérance de vie, croissance et retraites," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 50(1), pages 29-64.
    2. Thierry Chauveau & Rahim Loufir, 1993. "Retraites et évolutions démographiques en France - Seconde partie : la transition," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 47(1), pages 117-160.
    3. Weiske, Sebastian, 2019. "Population growth, the natural rate of interest, and inflation," Working Papers 03/2019, German Council of Economic Experts / Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung.
    4. César L. Guerrero-Luchtenberg, 2004. "Alternative Dynamics and Stability Results in a Standard OLG Model. An Interpretation," Economía Mexicana NUEVA ÉPOCA, CIDE, División de Economía, vol. 0(2), pages 191-208, July-Dece.
    5. Sergio Cesaratto, 2002. "The Economics of Pensions: A non-conventional approach," Review of Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 149-177.
    6. Mark Pingle & Leigh Tesfatsion, 1993. "``Active Intermediation in a Monetary Overlapping Generations Economy''," Macroeconomics 9312001, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 04 Dec 1993.
    7. Robert C. Merton, 1983. "On Consumption Indexed Public Pension Plans," NBER Chapters, in: Financial Aspects of the United States Pension System, pages 259-290, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Pingle, Mark & Tesfatsion, Leigh, 1998. "Active Intermediation In Overlapping Generations Economies With Production And Unsecured Debt," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 2(2), pages 183-212, June.
    9. Pingle, Mark & Tesfatsion, Leigh, 1998. "Active intermediation in a monetary overlapping generations economy1," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 22(10), pages 1543-1574, August.
    10. Németh, György, 2005. "Közjószágok-e a társadalombiztosítási nyugdíjrendszerek? [Are social-insurance pension systems public goods?]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(6), pages 608-612.
    11. Szabó, Miklós, 1998. "Együttélő nemzedékek, generációk közötti transzferek, játékelmélet [Coexisting generations, intergenerational transfers, game theory]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(4), pages 379-394.
    12. Eduardo Giménez, 2007. "On the positive fundamental value of money with short-sale constraints," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 455-469, October.
    13. Jacques Le Cacheux & Vincent Touzé, 2002. "Les modèles d'équilibre général calculable à générations imbriquées. Enjeux, méthodes et résultats," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 80(1), pages 87-113.
    14. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2091 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Alwyn Young, 2001. "Demographic Fluctuations, Generational Welfare and Intergenerational Transfers," NBER Working Papers 8530, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Németh, György, 2009. "A nyugdíjreformról [On pension reform]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(3), pages 239-269.
    17. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/3882 is not listed on IDEAS
    18. Vincent Touzé, 2006. "Fluctuations et partage entre les générations," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03462168, HAL.
    19. Vincent Touzé, 2006. "Fluctuations et partage entre les générations. Quelques exemples théoriques," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 96(1), pages 51-77.
    20. Tahar Abdessalem & Houyem Chekki Cherni, 2011. "Macroeconomic Effects of Pension Reforms in the Context of Ageing Populations: Overlapping Generations Model Simulations for Tunisia," Working Papers 603, Economic Research Forum, revised 07 Jan 2011.
    21. Álvaro Martín Moreno R. & Fabio Ortiz, 2010. "Economía política de la reforma del sistema colombiano de pensiones," Revista de Economía Institucional, Universidad Externado de Colombia - Facultad de Economía, vol. 12(22), pages 167-192, January-J.
    22. Guillermo A. Calvo & Maurice Obstfeld, 1985. "Optimal Time-Consistent Fiscal Policy with Uncertain Lifetimes," NBER Working Papers 1593, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1994_num_45_3_409569. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/reco .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.