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Faut-il favoriser la création d'emplois tertiaires ?

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  • Patrick Artus
  • Bernard Brunhes

Abstract

[fre] Faut-il favoriser la création d'emplois tertiaires ?. . Les travaux du XIe Plan ont conduit à proposer un certain nombre de pistes pour soutenir la création d'emplois en France d'ici à l'an 2000. Certaines ont déjà été longuement discutées dans la littérature économique et dans les travaux des administrations : baisse de la durée du travail ; réduction des charges sociales des entreprises. Nous ne reviendrons que brièvement sur les propositions faites.. Une troisième piste est plus originale : l'incitation à la création d'emplois dans certains services. Elle paraît fructueuse, mais pose un certain nombre de problèmes théoriques et pratiques. L'idée essentielle est qu'il ne faut pas que ces créations d'emplois tertiaires nuisent trop au reste de l'économie.. En nous référant à une représentation théorique très simple à deux secteurs (industrie et services) du fonctionnement d'une économie ouverte, nous nous demandons si la stimulation de l'offre ou de la demande de services, si la réduction de la productivité du travail dans le secteur abrité, sont favorables (à la créa­tion d'emplois, à l'augmentation du bien-être...) quand on tient compte du financement des mesures prises, des transferts de revenus, et de leur effet induit sur les prix relatifs et le secteur industriel. Nous examinons finalement les conséquences des externalités associées à la création d'emplois. [eng] Must job creation in the services be helped ?. . The analysis made for the llth Plan have led to a number of proposais in order to stimulate job creation in France during the 90's. Some of those proposals have already been discussed at length in the literature and by the various public administrations : reduction in the number of hours worked, lower social security contributions paid by employers. We will only briefly summarize those proposais.. A third idea seems more original : implementing incentives for job creation in the service sector. It is probably a sensible idea, but several issues have to be adressed, both from a theoretical and an empirical point of view. The basic problem is the possible harmful effects on the rest of the economy of job creations in the services. Using a simple two-sector theoretical representation of an open economy, we examine the effects on welfare and job creation of a stimulation of the supply or demand of services, and of changes in labor productivity in the sector producing non-traded goods. We take into account the way policy incentives are financed, income transfers, and the changes in the relative priees of services. We finally examine the consequences of the exter-nalities associated with job creations.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Artus & Bernard Brunhes, 1993. "Faut-il favoriser la création d'emplois tertiaires ?," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 44(1), pages 193-213.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1993_hos_44_1_409432
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1993.409432
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1993.409432
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    References listed on IDEAS

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