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Préférences révélées, bien public local et électeur médian : tests sur données françaises

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Listed:
  • Marc Baudry
  • Matthieu Leprince
  • Cyriaque Moreau

Abstract

[fre] Le modèle de l’électeur médian postule que l’offre de bien public est déterminée par la demande de l’électeur médian, supposé décisif lors des élections. L’article propose deux nouveaux tests de cette hypothèse sur les villes de plus de 10 000 habitants en France. Pour cela, nous développons deux méthodes de test, l’une, non-paramétrique, fondée sur la théorie des préférences révélées et l’autre, paramétrique, fondée sur la fonction d’utilité en équivalent monétaire. Nous montrons que l’hypothèse d’un comportement de dépenses publiques des villes conforme à l’hypothèse de maximisation de l’utilité de l’électeur médian ne peut être rejetée. En effet, les indicateurs calculés, tant les indices moyens d’efficacité des choix observés que le pourcentage de l’impôt de l’électeur médian «gaspillé » par des choix inefficaces, suggèrent que l’offre de bien public local est bien déterminée par la demande de l’électeur médian. [eng] Revealed Preference, Local Public Goods and the Median Voter Theorem : Tests on Data From France.. The median voter theorem holds that the supply of public goods is determined by the median voter’s demand, considered decisive in voting. The paper proposes two new tests of the theorem based on all towns in France with population of over 10,000. The authors develop two test methods, a non-parametric method based on revealed preference theory and a parametric method based on the utility function in monetary equivalent terms. It is shown that the hypothesis that municipal public spending is consistent with median voter utility maximisation cannot be rejected. The indicators computed, the mean efficiency indexes for the observed choices and the percentage of the median voter’s tax “wasted” by inefficient choices, both suggest that the supply of local public goods is indeed determined by median voter demand.

Suggested Citation

  • Marc Baudry & Matthieu Leprince & Cyriaque Moreau, 2002. "Préférences révélées, bien public local et électeur médian : tests sur données françaises," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 156(5), pages 125-146.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2002_num_156_5_6887
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2002.6887
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2002.6887
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    Cited by:

    1. Constantino Cronemberger Mendes & Maria da Conceição Sampaio de Sousa, 2015. "Demand for Locally Provided Public Services within the Median Voter's Framework: the Case of the Brazilian Municipalities," Discussion Papers 0134, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
    2. Constantino Cronemberger Mendes & Maria da Conceicao Sampaio de Sousa, 2006. "Demand for locally provided public services within the median voter's framework: the case of the Brazilian municipalities," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(3), pages 239-251.
    3. Johanna Choumert & Walid Oueslati & Julien Salanié, 2008. "The effects of spatial spillovers on the provision of urban environmental amenities," Post-Print hal-00729739, HAL.
    4. Constantino Cronemberger Mendes & Maria da Conceição Sampaio de Sousa, 2004. "Demand For Locally Provided Public Services Within The Median Voter'S Framework: The Case Of The Brazilian Municipalities," Anais do XXXII Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 32nd Brazilian Economics Meeting] 027, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
    5. Matthieu Leprince & Alain Guengant, 2006. "Évaluation des effets des régimes de coopération intercommunale sur les dépenses publiques locales," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 175(4), pages 79-99.
    6. Jean Sébastien Pentecôte & Marie-Estelle Binet, 2006. "Structure de l'impôt et cycle électoral au plan municipal," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 174(3), pages 113-127.
    7. Constantino Cronemberger Mendes & Maria da Conceição Sampaio de Sousa, 2004. "Demand for Locally provided Public Services Within the Median Voter`s Framework: The Case of the Brazilian Municipalities," Discussion Papers 1046, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.

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