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De « La Théorie Générale » à la Nouvelle Économie Classique : Une réflexion sur la nouveauté en macroéconomie

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  • Robert Boyer

Abstract

[fre] Observe-t-on des nouveautés dans les théories macroéconomiques ? Sans nul doute si l'on compare le paradigme en vigueur au milieu des années soixante avec celui de la fin des années quatre-vingt-dix : vision, concepts, outils, résultats, recommandations de politique économique ont été radicalement transformés. Ce changement majeur conduit à s'interroger sur les relations entre nouveauté, recherche de la cohérence de la macroéconomie avec les axiomes de base de la théorie microéconomique, et pertinence. La prime donnée à la nouvelle économie classique tient au non usage du concept popperien de réfutabilité et à l'historicité inhérente de la macroéconomie. L'analyse du contenu des communications présentées au sein de l'American Economie Association en Janvier 1997 montre qu'au-delà d'un consensus sur certaines hypothèses de base se déploient de très nombreuses oppositions en termes de visions, d'outils et de résultats. La nouveauté n'est pas synonyme d'un mouvement cumulatif vers une plus grande généralité et pertinence des théories macroéconomiques. [eng] From General Theory to the New Classical Theory : An Essay on the Novelty in Macroeconomics.. By comparison with the 60' s, the contemporary macroeconomics displays a quite new paradigm : the vision, concepts, core results and suggestions for economic policy are totally different. Thus, the relations between innovation in theorizing, the search for micro-foundations and the empirical relevance of the new classical macroeconomics are investigated. The premium given to novelty is explained by the infrequent implementation of the Popperian refutability principle and the strong historicity of macroeconomic issues. A survey of the AER 1997 Proceedings suggests that beneath the consensus upon general hypotheses, the various authors differ about their visions, tools, results and economic policy recommendations.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Boyer, 1998. "De « La Théorie Générale » à la Nouvelle Économie Classique : Une réflexion sur la nouveauté en macroéconomie," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 33(1), pages 7-56.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_1998_num_33_1_1235
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.1998.1235
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.1998.1235
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    References listed on IDEAS

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