IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0297923.html

Cross-border dual-channel supply chain decision-making under random demand and tariff conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Fuchang Li
  • Zhongwei Yang
  • Xiaohui Hu

Abstract

Given the cross-border e-commerce import tariff and random demands, this study establishes a pricing decision model for cross-border e-commerce dual-channel supply chain, which is composed of domestic manufacturers and overseas retailers, so as to analyze the effects of import tariff and random demand on the pricing, demand and profit of cross-border e-commerce. According to the research, import tariffs have a positive correlation with retailers’ retail prices and a negative correlation with manufacturers’ direct prices, wholesale prices, demand and profit from direct channels, and profit from retail channels. The export tax rebate policy will lessen the negative effects of import tariffs and maximize the best choices made by manufacturers and retailers.

Suggested Citation

  • Fuchang Li & Zhongwei Yang & Xiaohui Hu, 2024. "Cross-border dual-channel supply chain decision-making under random demand and tariff conditions," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(2), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0297923
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297923
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0297923
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0297923&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0297923?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jiayan Xu & Vernon N. Hsu & Baozhuang Niu, 2018. "The Impacts of Markets and Tax on a Multinational Firm's Procurement Strategy in China," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 27(2), pages 251-264, February.
    2. Liu, Qing & Qiu, Larry D., 2016. "Intermediate input imports and innovations: Evidence from Chinese firms' patent filings," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 166-183.
    3. Nagurney, Anna & Besik, Deniz & Dong, June, 2019. "Tariffs and quotas in world trade: A unified variational inequality framework," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 275(1), pages 347-360.
    4. Villegas, F. & Ouenniche, J., 2008. "A general unconstrained model for transfer pricing in multinational supply chains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 187(3), pages 829-856, June.
    5. Vernon N. Hsu & Kaijie Zhu, 2011. "Tax-Effective Supply Chain Decisions Under China's Export-Oriented Tax Policies," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 13(2), pages 163-179, November.
    6. Cole, Matthew T. & Eckel, Carsten, 2018. "Tariffs and markups in retailing," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 139-153.
    7. Zhang, Linghong & Wang, Jingguo, 2017. "Coordination of the traditional and the online channels for a short-life-cycle product," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 258(2), pages 639-651.
    8. Yao, Dong-Qing & Liu, John J., 2005. "Competitive pricing of mixed retail and e-tail distribution channels," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 235-247, June.
    9. Braakmann, Nils & Gao, Bo & Maioli, Sara, 2020. "VAT rebates as trade policy: Evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    10. Bo Chen & Hong Ma & David S. Jacks, 2017. "Revisiting the Effective Rate of Protection in the Late Stages of Chinese Industrialisation," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(2), pages 424-438, February.
    11. Matsui, Kenji, 2017. "When should a manufacturer set its direct price and wholesale price in dual-channel supply chains?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 258(2), pages 501-511.
    12. Huang, Wei & Swaminathan, Jayashankar M., 2009. "Introduction of a second channel: Implications for pricing and profits," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 194(1), pages 258-279, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Su Yi & Guo Wen, 2025. "Game model of transnational green supply chain management considering government subsidies," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 355(2), pages 2071-2092, December.
    2. Li, Guo & Li, Lin & Sun, Jiasen, 2019. "Pricing and service effort strategy in a dual-channel supply chain with showrooming effect," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 32-48.
    3. Chen Wei & Sobhan Asian & Gurdal Ertek & Zhi-Hua Hu, 2020. "Location-based pricing and channel selection in a supply chain: a case study from the food retail industry," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 291(1), pages 959-984, August.
    4. Ping Shi & Bo Yan & Jun Zhao, 2020. "Appropriate timing for SMEs to introduce an Internet-based online channel under uncertain operating costs: a real options analysis," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 969-999, December.
    5. Hu, Xiaoqing & Cai, Jianhu & Yue, Xiaohang, 2024. "Power structure preferences in a dual-channel supply chain: Demand information symmetry vs. asymmetry," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 314(3), pages 920-934.
    6. Yang, Huixiao & Ou, Jinwen & Chen, Xiaofeng, 2021. "Impact of tariffs and production cost on a multinational firm's incentive for backshoring under competition," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    7. Zhang, Ting & Wang, Yulan & Shen, Bin & Prak, Dennis, 2023. "Welfare-maximizing tariff versus trade-surplus-maximizing tariff: Impacts on multinational firm competition," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    8. Guo Chunxiang & Zhou Hong, 2019. "The Selection and Pricing of Mixed Multi-Channel Marketing Model for Mid-High Wines Under Experience Driven," Journal of Systems Science and Information, De Gruyter, vol. 7(1), pages 37-53, February.
    9. He, Bo & Gan, Xianghua & Yuan, Kaifu, 2019. "Entry of online presale of fresh produce: A competitive analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 272(1), pages 339-351.
    10. Song, Haiqing & Duan, Housheng & Deng, Sijing & Xu, Jiayan, 2022. "Brand extension and channel structure: An analysis of the effects of social influence," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    11. Matsui, Kenji, 2020. "Optimal bargaining timing of a wholesale price for a manufacturer with a retailer in a dual-channel supply chain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 287(1), pages 225-236.
    12. Alawneh, Fawzat & Zhang, Guoqing, 2018. "Dual-channel warehouse and inventory management with stochastic demand," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 84-106.
    13. Zhang, Peng & He, Yong & Shi, Chunming (Victor), 2017. "Retailer's channel structure choice: Online channel, offline channel, or dual channels?," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 37-50.
    14. Matsui, Kenji, 2016. "Asymmetric product distribution between symmetric manufacturers using dual-channel supply chains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 248(2), pages 646-657.
    15. Niu, Baozhuang & Xu, Jingwen & Lee, Carman K.M. & Chen, Lei, 2019. "Order timing and tax planning when selling to a rival in a low-tax emerging market," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 165-179.
    16. Duan, Housheng & Deng, Sijing & Song, Haiqing & Xu, Jiayan, 2021. "The impacts of sales efforts and mode of payment on the competition between agent and retailer," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    17. Matsui, Kenji, 2024. "Should competing suppliers with dual-channel supply chains adopt agency selling in an e-commerce platform?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 312(2), pages 587-604.
    18. Kopel, Michael & Löffler, Clemens, 2023. "Tax differences and international location strategies," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    19. Rodríguez, Betzabé & Aydın, Göker, 2015. "Pricing and assortment decisions for a manufacturer selling through dual channels," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 242(3), pages 901-909.
    20. Morris A. Cohen & Hau L. Lee, 2020. "Designing the Right Global Supply Chain Network," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 22(1), pages 15-24, January.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0297923. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.