IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0256335.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Relationships between urbanization and CO2 emissions in China: An empirical analysis of population migration

Author

Listed:
  • Tengfei Zhang
  • Yang Song
  • Jun Yang

Abstract

China’s announcement of its goal of carbon neutrality has increased the practical significance of research on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that result from urbanization. With a comprehensive consideration of population migration in China, this study examines the impact of urbanization on CO2 emissions based on provincial panel data from 2000 to 2012. Two indicators (resident population and household registration population) are used to measure urbanization rate. The results reveal that the impact of urbanization on CO2 emissions in China is closely correlated with the structure of urban resident population and interregional population migration. The estimation results are still robust by using generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator and two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimator. The proportion of temporary residents is introduced as a proxy variable for population migration. The panel threshold model regression results show that the proportion of temporary residents has a marginal effect on the relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions. In regions with a higher proportion of temporary residents, the positive effects of resident population urbanization on CO2 emissions tend to be weaker. These findings are consistent with the theories of ecological modernization and urban environmental transition. This paper makes suggestions on China’s urbanization development model and countermeasures are proposed to minimize the CO2 emissions caused by urbanization.

Suggested Citation

  • Tengfei Zhang & Yang Song & Jun Yang, 2021. "Relationships between urbanization and CO2 emissions in China: An empirical analysis of population migration," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(8), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0256335
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256335
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0256335
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0256335&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0256335?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhang, Ning & Yu, Keren & Chen, Zhongfei, 2017. "How does urbanization affect carbon dioxide emissions? A cross-country panel data analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 678-687.
    2. Muhammad, Sulaman & Long, Xingle & Salman, Muhammad & Dauda, Lamini, 2020. "Effect of urbanization and international trade on CO2 emissions across 65 belt and road initiative countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    3. Xie, Qichang & Liu, Junxian, 2019. "Combined nonlinear effects of economic growth and urbanization on CO2 emissions in China: Evidence from a panel data partially linear additive model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    4. Poumanyvong, Phetkeo & Kaneko, Shinji, 2010. "Does urbanization lead to less energy use and lower CO2 emissions? A cross-country analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(2), pages 434-444, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Raad Mozib Lalon & Tasneema Khan & Shagufta Shaheen & Minhaz Ul-Haq, 2023. "Investigating the Impact of Economic Development, Energy Consumption, International Trade and Population on CO2 Emission of a Country: Evidence from an Emerging Economy," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(6), pages 558-566, November.
    2. Wei Shi & Wenwen Tang & Fuwei Qiao & Zhiquan Sha & Chengyuan Wang & Sixue Zhao, 2022. "How to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Power Systems in Gansu Province—Analyze from the Life Cycle Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, May.
    3. Chen Li & Le Zhang & Qinyi Gu & Jia Guo & Yi Huang, 2022. "Spatio-Temporal Differentiation Characteristics and Urbanization Factors of Urban Household Carbon Emissions in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-22, April.
    4. Yu Sun & Mingxing Li & Hongzheng Sun & Shahida Kanwel & Mengjuan Zhang & Naila Erum & Abid Hussain, 2022. "Green Growth, Economic Development, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: An Evaluation Based on Cointegration and Vector Error Correction Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-23, May.
    5. Jia-Pei Yue & Fu-Qin Zhang, 2022. "Evaluation of Industrial Green Transformation in the Process of Urbanization: Regional Difference Analysis in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-15, April.
    6. Aleksy Kwilinski & Oleksii Lyulyov & Tetyana Pimonenko & Henryk Dzwigol & Rafis Abazov & Denys Pudryk, 2022. "International Migration Drivers: Economic, Environmental, Social, and Political Effects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-17, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. O.S. Mariev & N.B. Davidson & O.S. Emelianova, 2020. "The Impact of Urbanization on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the Regions of Russia," Journal of Applied Economic Research, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Ural Federal University, vol. 19(3), pages 286-309.
    2. Rashid Latief & Usman Sattar & Sohail Ahmad Javeed & Ammar Ali Gull & Yingshun Pei, 2022. "The Environmental Effects of Urbanization, Education, and Green Innovation in the Union for Mediterranean Countries: Evidence from Quantile Regression Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Muhammad, Sulaman & Long, Xingle & Salman, Muhammad & Dauda, Lamini, 2020. "Effect of urbanization and international trade on CO2 emissions across 65 belt and road initiative countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    4. Sun, Yunpeng & Li, Haoning & Andlib, Zubaria & Genie, Mesfin G., 2022. "How do renewable energy and urbanization cause carbon emissions? Evidence from advanced panel estimation techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 996-1005.
    5. Shi, Changfeng & Zhi, Jiaqi & Yao, Xiao & Zhang, Hong & Yu, Yue & Zeng, Qingshun & Li, Luji & Zhang, Yuxi, 2023. "How can China achieve the 2030 carbon peak goal—a crossover analysis based on low-carbon economics and deep learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    6. Zhonghua Cheng & Xiaowen Hu, 2023. "The effects of urbanization and urban sprawl on CO2 emissions in China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 1792-1808, February.
    7. Li, Kunming & Fang, Liting & He, Lerong, 2019. "How population and energy price affect China's environmental pollution?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 386-396.
    8. Gudipudi, Ramana & Rybski, Diego & Lüdeke, Matthias K.B. & Zhou, Bin & Liu, Zhu & Kropp, Jürgen P., 2019. "The efficient, the intensive, and the productive: Insights from urban Kaya scaling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 155-162.
    9. Lars Sorge & Anne Neumann, 2019. "The Impact of Population, Affluence, Technology, and Urbanization on CO2 Emissions across Income Groups," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1812, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    10. Jinhua Shao & Brayan Tillaguango & Rafael Alvarado & Santiago Ochoa-Moreno & Johanna Alvarado-Espejo, 2021. "Environmental Impact of the Shadow Economy, Globalisation, Trade and Market Size: Evidence Using Linear and Non-Linear Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-20, June.
    11. Dong, Qichen & Lin, Yongyi & Huang, Jieyu & Chen, Zhongfei, 2020. "Has urbanization accelerated PM2.5 emissions? An empirical analysis with cross-country data," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    12. Wang, Wei-Zheng & Liu, Lan-Cui & Liao, Hua & Wei, Yi-Ming, 2021. "Impacts of urbanization on carbon emissions: An empirical analysis from OECD countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    13. Shahnazi, Rouhollah & Dehghan Shabani, Zahra, 2021. "The effects of renewable energy, spatial spillover of CO2 emissions and economic freedom on CO2 emissions in the EU," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 293-307.
    14. Yu, Binbin, 2021. "Ecological effects of new-type urbanization in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    15. Qichang Xie & Yingkun Yan & Xu Wang, 2023. "Assessing the role of foreign direct investment in environmental sustainability: a spatial semiparametric panel approach," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 1263-1295, April.
    16. Xiao, Huijuan & Duan, Zhiyuan & Zhou, Ya & Zhang, Ning & Shan, Yuli & Lin, Xiyan & Liu, Guosheng, 2019. "CO2 emission patterns in shrinking and growing cities: A case study of Northeast China and the Yangtze River Delta," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    17. Fatemeh Dehdar & Nuno Silva & José Alberto Fuinhas & Matheus Koengkan & Nazia Nazeer, 2022. "The Impact of Technology and Government Policies on OECD Carbon Dioxide Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-17, November.
    18. Sufyanullah, Khan & Ahmad, Khan Arshad & Sufyan Ali, Muhammad Abu, 2022. "Does emission of carbon dioxide is impacted by urbanization? An empirical study of urbanization, energy consumption, economic growth and carbon emissions - Using ARDL bound testing approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    19. Khalid Khan & Chi-Wei Su & Ran Tao & Lin-Na Hao, 2020. "Urbanization and carbon emission: causality evidence from the new industrialized economies," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(8), pages 7193-7213, December.
    20. Vélez-Henao, Johan-Andrés & Font Vivanco, David & Hernández-Riveros, Jesús-Antonio, 2019. "Technological change and the rebound effect in the STIRPAT model: A critical view," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 1372-1381.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0256335. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.