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Reducing HIV Risk among Transgender Women in Thailand: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of the Sisters Program

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Listed:
  • Duangta Pawa
  • Rebecca Firestone
  • Sindh Ratchasi
  • Olivia Dowling
  • Yaowalak Jittakoat
  • Alex Duke
  • Gary Mundy

Abstract

Transgender women are particularly at risk of HIV infection, but little evidence exists on effective HIV prevention strategies with this population. We evaluated whether Sisters, a peer-led program for transgender women, could reduce HIV risks in Pattaya, Thailand. The study used time-location sampling to recruit 308 transgender women in Pattaya into a behavioral survey in 2011. Coarsened exact matching was used to create statistically equivalent groups of program participants and non-participants, based on factors influencing likelihood of program participation. Using multivariable logistic regression, we estimated effects of any program participation and participation by delivery channel on: condom use at last sex; consistent condom and condom/water-based lubricant use in the past 3 months with commercial, casual, and regular partners; and receipt of HIV testing in the past 6 months. Program coverage reached 75% of the population. In a matched sub-sample (n = 238), participation in outreach was associated with consistent condom/water-based lubricant use with commercial partners (AOR 3.22, 95% CI 1.64–6.31). Attendance at the Sisters drop-in center was associated with receiving an HIV test (AOR 2.58, 95% CI 1.47–4.52). Dedicated transgender-friendly programs are effective at reducing HIV risks and require expansion to better serve this key population and improve HIV prevention strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Duangta Pawa & Rebecca Firestone & Sindh Ratchasi & Olivia Dowling & Yaowalak Jittakoat & Alex Duke & Gary Mundy, 2013. "Reducing HIV Risk among Transgender Women in Thailand: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of the Sisters Program," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(10), pages 1-8, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0077113
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077113
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Nemoto, T. & Operario, D. & Keatley, J. & Han, L. & Soma, T., 2004. "HIV risk behaviors among male-to-female transgender persons of color in San Francisco," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(7), pages 1193-1199.
    3. Nemoto, T. & Operario, D. & Keatley, J. & Nguyen, H. & Sugano, E., 2005. "Promoting health for transgender women: Transgender resources and neighborhood space (TRANS) program in San Francisco," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(3), pages 382-384.
    4. Clements-Nolle, K. & Marx, R. & Guzman, R. & Katz, M., 2001. "HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: Implications for public health intervention," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(6), pages 915-921.
    5. Craft, E.M. & Mulvey, K.P., 2001. "Addressing lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender issues from the inside: One federal agency's approach," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(6), pages 889-891.
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