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Who Are Opposed to Free Trade in the Philippines?

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  • Pasadilla, Gloria Author_Email:
  • Liao, Christine Marie Author_Email:

Abstract

In a democratic country, economic policies succeed or fail depending on the political support they receive. Open trade policies that were initiated and accepted years ago can be reversed in accordance with the government's free trade conviction and popular pressure. However, popular pressure for or against open trade is affected by other factors. This paper attempts to link these factors with individual preferences toward either more protectionism or greater trade liberalization. Using ordered logit estimation of thousands of survey data, the paper finds that gender, economic class, and urban population negatively correlate with pro-trade attitudes in the Philippines. It also notes that the effect of some of the demographic variables on protectionist sentiment is markedly different from their effects among more developed Western nations.

Suggested Citation

  • Pasadilla, Gloria Author_Email: & Liao, Christine Marie Author_Email:, 2007. "Who Are Opposed to Free Trade in the Philippines?," Philippine Journal of Development, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:phd:pjdevt:pjd_2005_vol__xxxii_no__1-a
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.62986/pjd2005.32.1a
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Edward J. Balistreri, 1997. "The Performance of the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek Model in Predicting Endogenous Policy Forces at the Individual Level," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 30(1), pages 1-17, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ganeshan Wignaraja & Dorothea Lazaro & Genevieve DeGuzman, 2010. "FTAs and Philippine Business: Evidence from Transport, Food, and Electronics Firms," ADBI Working Papers 185, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    2. Oded Stark & Grzegorz Kosiorowski, 2020. "An Adverse Social Welfare Effect of Quadruply Gainful Trade," East Asian Economic Review, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, vol. 24(3), pages 207-235.

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