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Technological change in ICT in light of ideas first learned about the machine tool industry

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  • Timothy F Bresnahan

Abstract

Rosenberg (1963, J. Econ. Hist., 23(4), 414–443) analyzed innovation in the 19th and early 20th century machine tool (MT) industry and its industrializing customers. This paper re‐applies his analysis to the invention and application of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in the 20th and 21st centuries. Rosenberg’s ideas of technological convergence and of collective learning that leads to a pool of knowledge in a competitive upstream industry are emphasized. In some ICT market segments, the primary customer is a technologist; for these segments, Rosenberg’s analysis works quite well. The core reason appears to be that there, as Rosenberg said of MTs, the analysis can go forward on a “purely technological level.” In the commercially oriented ICT market segments where most value has been created, this assumption fails. Difficulties at the boundary between purely technological innovation and commercial innovations change the analysis considerably. The locus of accumulating knowledge, the path of technological change through the economy, the structure of the industry supplying the general components and the degree of sharing of technical advances across firms and industries, all change in an easily explained way. The idea of the boundary between two complementary bodies of knowledge may be important. The idea that commercial innovation can be unlike technical invention may be important.

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  • Timothy F Bresnahan, 2019. "Technological change in ICT in light of ideas first learned about the machine tool industry," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 28(2), pages 331-349.
  • Handle: RePEc:oup:indcch:v:28:y:2019:i:2:p:331-349.
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Sick, Nathalie & Bröring, Stefanie, 2022. "Exploring the research landscape of convergence from a TIM perspective: A review and research agenda," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    3. Silvina A. Romano & Jon Mikel Zabala‐Iturriagagoitia, 2022. "Davids versus Goliaths: Epigenetic dynamics and structural change in the Swedish innovation system," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(4), pages 1737-1761, December.
    4. Simone Vannuccini & Ekaterina Prytkova, 2021. "Artificial Intelligence’s New Clothes? From General Purpose Technology to Large Technical System," SPRU Working Paper Series 2021-02, SPRU - Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex Business School.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D20 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - General
    • N82 - Economic History - - Micro-Business History - - - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives

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