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Clean Energy Access: Gender Disparity, Health and Labour Supply

Author

Listed:
  • Anjali P Verma
  • Imelda Graduate

Abstract

Women bear a disproportionate share of the health and time burden associated with lack of access to modern energy. We study the impact of clean energy access on adult health and labour supply outcomes by exploiting a nationwide rollout of a clean cooking fuel program in Indonesia. We find that access to clean cooking fuel led to an improvement in women’s health and an increase in their work hours. We also find an increase in men’s work hours and in their propensity to have an additional job, primarily in those households where women accrued the largest program benefits.

Suggested Citation

  • Anjali P Verma & Imelda Graduate, 2023. "Clean Energy Access: Gender Disparity, Health and Labour Supply," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 133(650), pages 845-871.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:econjl:v:133:y:2023:i:650:p:845-871.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ej/ueac057
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Weiqiang Zhu & Yun Zhang, 2024. "Household Energy Clean Transition Mechanisms under Market Failures: A Government Financing Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-29, July.
    2. Chen, Dengke & Ma, Qianqian, 2025. "Household energy transition, health and fertility in China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    3. Hao Feng & Zhen Yan & H. Holly Wang, 2026. "Free From the Kitchen Fueled by Clean Energy: Women's Employment and Nutritional Benefits in Rural China," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 57(1), January.
    4. Hao Feng, 2025. "Using clean fuels promotes diverse diets and health in Chinese households," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 17(5), pages 1207-1222, October.
    5. Li, Meng & Zhou, Shaojie, 2023. "Pollutive cooking fuels and rural labor supply: Evidence from a large-scale population census in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    6. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Zou, Jinyang, 2024. "Impacts of the energy transition on public health in the context of country risk: From an international perspective," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 873-895.
    7. Raghu Raman & Sangeetha Gunasekar & Deepa Kaliyaperumal & Prema Nedungadi, 2024. "Navigating the Nexus of Artificial Intelligence and Renewable Energy for the Advancement of Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-25, October.
    8. Gupta, Tanu & Khan, Md. Tajuddin & Negi, Digvijay Singh, 2025. "Agriculture, electrification and gendered time use in rural Bangladesh," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    9. Pinna Pintor, Matteo & Fumagalli, Elena & Suhrcke, Marc, 2024. "The impact of health on labour market outcomes: A rapid systematic review," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    10. Nawazuddin Ahmed & Asif Khan & Tapan Sarker, 2026. "Women’s agricultural participation and the adoption of clean energy: evidence from India," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 14(1), pages 1-28, December.
    11. Bharti Nandwani & Manisha Jain, 2024. "Access to clean cooking fuel and women outcomes," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2024-017, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.

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