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Education and generalized trust: A review of existing studies

Author

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  • Almakaeva, A.

    (Ronald F. Inglehart Laboratory for Comparative Social Research, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
    VCIOM Analytical Center JSC, Moscow, Russia)

Abstract

The paper reviews existing studies on the relationship between education and generalized trust. Education positively affects trust through the number of ways, including: 1) enhancing cognitive capacities and reducing the risks of deception; 2) promoting common moral norms and values; 3) reducing intergroup tension through intergroup contacts. Recent empirical studies demonstrate that these channels are not universal, but depend on social context covering ethnic heterogeneity, income equality, value homogeneity, and institutional effi cacy. A favorable social climate can activate and strengthen the positive relationship between generalized trust and education. Conversely, in unfavorable conditions, educated individuals may adopt distrust as an adaptive response to a negative environment. There is no salient positive effect of education on generalized trust in Russia.

Suggested Citation

  • Almakaeva, A., 2025. "Education and generalized trust: A review of existing studies," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, vol. 68(3), pages 336-343.
    • Handle: RePEc:nea:journl:y:2025:i:68:p:336-343
    DOI: 10.31737/22212264_2025_3_336-343
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • I26 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Returns to Education
    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being

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