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The role of MNB bills in domestic financial markets. What is the connection between the large volume of MNB bills, bank lending and demand in the government securities markets?

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  • Csaba Balogh

    (Magyar Nemzeti Bank (central bank of Hungary))

Abstract

The two-week MNB bill is a central component of Hungary’s monetary policy instruments; it is a key instrument of the central bank, the interest rate of which is identical to the central bank base rate. By mid-2009, the outstanding amount of MNB bills reached HUF 3,000 billion, which – in addition to representing one third of the central bank’s liabilities – accounts for a significant part of the domestic banking sector’s liquid assets. By using the two-week bill to absorb the excess liquidity of the banking sector, the central bank ensures that developments in banks’ interest rates will be driven by the MNB bill as an opportunity cost. The volume of these liquid assets builds up gradually, regardless of banks’ willingness to lend. Indeed, the growth observed in the holdings of MNB bills helped to relieve the liquidity tensions of credit institutions and contributed to gradually reducing the role of this factor in the decline in lending activity in 2009. Nonetheless, lending remained restrained despite the ample liquidity, which primarily reflects banks’ deteriorating risk appetite. One of the major correlations in the central bank’s balance sheet is the fact that, while credit institutions are free to decide on the volume of two-week MNB bills they purchase at the individual level, they are unable to affect the volume of bills in the overall banking sector. The accelerated growth rate in the volume of two-week bills observed in the previous year resulted from the use of foreign currency loans to finance the general government, which implies that the large volume of two-week bills is a consequence of poor demand in the government securities market, rather than the reason for this. In a regional comparison, however, the relatively high central bank base rate does not affect the volume of the key instrument, as the central bank interest rate has no direct impact on the liquidity of the banking sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Csaba Balogh, 2009. "The role of MNB bills in domestic financial markets. What is the connection between the large volume of MNB bills, bank lending and demand in the government securities markets?," MNB Bulletin (discontinued), Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary), vol. 4(3), pages 6-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:mnb:bullet:v:4:y:2009:i:3:p:6-13
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    File URL: http://www.mnb.hu/letoltes/balogh-2009-okt-en.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bindseil, Ulrich, 2004. "Monetary Policy Implementation: Theory, past, and present," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199274543.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniela Gabor, 2011. "Paradigm shift? A critique of the IMF’s new approach to capital controls," Working Papers 1109, Department of Accounting, Economics and Finance, Bristol Business School, University of the West of England, Bristol.
    2. Daniela Gabor, 2012. "Managing Capital Accounts in Emerging Markets: Lessons from the Global Financial Crisis," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(6), pages 714-731, June.
    3. András László, 2016. "Impact of the Funding for Growth Scheme on the Hungarian economy," Financial and Economic Review, Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary), vol. 15(4), pages 65-87.
    4. György, László & Veress, József, 2013. "The Possible Causes of and Means of Avoiding External Financial Vulnerability – Hungary versus Singapore," Public Finance Quarterly, Corvinus University of Budapest, vol. 58(1), pages 53-75.
    5. Pulay, Gyula & Máté, János & Németh, Ildikó & Zelei, Andrásné, 2013. "Budgetary Risks of Monetary Policy with Special Regard to the Debt Rule," Public Finance Quarterly, Corvinus University of Budapest, vol. 58(1), pages 11-34.
    6. Mihály Hoffmann & Zsuzsa Kékesi & Péter Koroknai, 2013. "Changes in central bank profit/loss and their determinants," MNB Bulletin (discontinued), Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary), vol. 8(3), pages 36-48, October.
    7. László Bodnár & Miklós Luspay & Annamária Madarász, 2014. "The effect on payments of the conversion of MNB bills into deposits," MNB Bulletin (discontinued), Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary), vol. 9(2), pages 36-44, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    central banks' monetary policy instruments; open market operations; determining interest rates.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems

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