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A Dilemma between Liquidity Regulation and Monetary Policy: some History and Theory

Author

Listed:
  • Eric Monnet

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement)

  • Miklos Vari

    (Banque de France - Banque de France - Banque de France)

Abstract

History suggests a conflict between current Basel III liquidity ratios and monetary policy, which we call the liquidity regulation dilemma. Although forgotten, liquidity ratios, named "securities-reserve requirements," were widely used historically, but for monetary policy (not regulatory) reasons, as central bankers recognized the contractionary effects of these ratios. We build a model rationalizing historical policies: a tighter ratio reduces the quantity of assets that banks can pledge as collateral, thus increasing interest rates. Tighter liquidity regulation paradoxically increases the need for central bank's interventions. Liquidity ratios were also used to keep yields on government bonds low when monetary policy tightened.

Suggested Citation

  • Eric Monnet & Miklos Vari, 2023. "A Dilemma between Liquidity Regulation and Monetary Policy: some History and Theory," PSE-Ecole d'économie de Paris (Postprint) halshs-03954090, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:pseptp:halshs-03954090
    DOI: 10.1111/jmcb.12930
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    Cited by:

    1. José E. Boscá & Javier Ferri & Margarita Rubio, 2025. "Fiscal and macroprudential policies in a monetary union," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 65(1), pages 365-399, July.
    2. Peng, Hongfeng & Zhang, Zhichao & Liang, Zimin, 2025. "How does liquidity regulation influence the effect of monetary policy transmission? A structural analysis based on the classified assets of chinese commercial banks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    3. Monnet, Eric, 2017. "Credit controls as an escape from the trilemma. The Bretton Woods experience," CEPR Discussion Papers 12535, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    4. Huang, Chao & Moreira, Fernando, 2024. "Liquidity regulation, bank capital ratio, and interbank rate," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    5. Emilie Da Silva & Vincent Grossmann-Wirth & Benoit Nguyen & Miklos Vari, 2021. "Paying Banks to Lend? Evidence from the Eurosystem's TLTRO and the Euro Area Credit Registry," Working papers 848, Banque de France.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • N10 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - General, International, or Comparative
    • N20 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - General, International, or Comparative

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