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Computational aspects of prospect theory with asset pricing applications

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  • Enrico Giorgi
  • Thorsten Hens
  • János Mayer

Abstract

We develop an algorithm to compute asset allocations for Kahneman and Tversky’s (Econometrica, 47(2), 263–291, 1979) prospect theory. An application to benchmark data as in Fama and French (Journal of Financial Economics, 47(2), 427–465, 1992) shows that the equity premium puzzle is resolved for parameter values similar to those found in the laboratory experiments of Kahneman and Tversky (Econometrica, 47(2), 263–291, 1979). While previous studies like Benartzi and Thaler (The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(1), 73–92, 1995), Barberis, Huang and Santos (The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116(1), 1–53, 2001), and Grüne and Semmler (Asset prices and loss aversion, Germany, Mimeo Bielefeld University, 2005) focussed on dynamic aspects of asset pricing but only used loss aversion to explain the equity premium puzzle our paper explains the unconditional moments of asset pricing by a static two-period optimization problem. However, we incorporate asymmetric risk aversion. Our approach allows reducing the degree of loss aversion from 2.353 to 2.25, which is the value found by Tversky and Kahneman (Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 5, 297–323, 1992) while increasing the risk aversion from 1 to 0.894, which is a slightly higher value than the 0.88 found by Tversky and Kahneman (Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 5, 297–323, 1992). The equivalence of these parameter settings is robust to incorporating the size and the value portfolios of Fama and French (Journal of Finance, 47(2), 427–465, 1992). However, the optimal prospect theory portfolios found on this larger set of assets differ drastically from the optimal mean-variance portfolio. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007

Suggested Citation

  • Enrico Giorgi & Thorsten Hens & János Mayer, 2007. "Computational aspects of prospect theory with asset pricing applications," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 29(3), pages 267-281, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:compec:v:29:y:2007:i:3:p:267-281
    DOI: 10.1007/s10614-006-9062-2
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    1. Fortin, Ines & Hlouskova, Jaroslava, 2011. "Optimal asset allocation under linear loss aversion," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(11), pages 2974-2990, November.
    2. Enrico G. De Giorgi & Shane Legg, 2009. "Portfolio Selection with Narrow Framing: Probability Weighting Matters," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2009 2009-12, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen.
    3. Uhl, Matthias W. & Rohner, Philippe, 2018. "The compensation portfolio," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 60-64.
    4. Enrico Giorgi & Thorsten Hens, 2006. "Making prospect theory fit for finance," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 20(3), pages 339-360, September.
    5. Michael Nwogugu, 2020. "Regret Theory And Asset Pricing Anomalies In Incomplete Markets With Dynamic Un-Aggregated Preferences," Papers 2005.01709, arXiv.org.
    6. Massimiliano Kaucic & Roberto Daris, 2016. "Prospect Theory Based Portfolio Optimization Problem with Imprecise Forecasts," Managing Global Transitions, University of Primorska, Faculty of Management Koper, vol. 14(4 (Winter), pages 359-384.
    7. De Giorgi, Enrico G. & Legg, Shane, 2012. "Dynamic portfolio choice and asset pricing with narrow framing and probability weighting," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 951-972.
    8. Giorgio Consigli & Asmerilda Hitaj & Elisa Mastrogiacomo, 2019. "Portfolio choice under cumulative prospect theory: sensitivity analysis and an empirical study," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 129-154, February.
    9. Seyedehzahra NEMATOLLAHI & Giancarlo MANZI, 2018. "Portfolio Management Using Prospect Theory: Comparing Genetic Algorithms and Particle Swarm Optimization," Departmental Working Papers 2018-03, Department of Economics, Management and Quantitative Methods at Università degli Studi di Milano.
    10. Grauer, Robert R., 2013. "Limiting losses may be injurious to your wealth," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(12), pages 5088-5100.
    11. Saziye Gazioğlu & Nilifer Calıskan, 2011. "Cumulative prospect theory challenges traditional expected utility theory," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(21), pages 1581-1586.
    12. Francesco Cesarone & Massimiliano Corradini & Lorenzo Lampariello & Jessica Riccioni, 2023. "A new behavioral model for portfolio selection using the Half-Full/Half-Empty approach," Papers 2312.10749, arXiv.org.
    13. Fortin, Alain-Philippe & Simonato, Jean-Guy & Dionne, Georges, 2023. "Forecasting expected shortfall: Should we use a multivariate model for stock market factors?," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 314-331.
    14. Chao Gong & Chunhui Xu & Ji Wang, 2018. "An Efficient Adaptive Real Coded Genetic Algorithm to Solve the Portfolio Choice Problem Under Cumulative Prospect Theory," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 52(1), pages 227-252, June.
    15. Massimiliano Kaucic & Filippo Piccotto & Gabriele Sbaiz & Giorgio Valentinuz, 2023. "Optimal Portfolio with Sustainable Attitudes under Cumulative Prospect Theory," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 13(4), pages 1-4.
    16. Michael J. Best & Robert R. Grauer, 2017. "Humans, Econs and Portfolio Choice," Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 7(02), pages 1-30, June.
    17. Harris, Richard D. F. & Mazibas, Murat, 2022. "Portfolio optimization with behavioural preferences and investor memory," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 296(1), pages 368-387.
    18. Martín Egozcue & Luis Fuentes García & Ričardas Zitikis, 2023. "The Slicing Method: Determining Insensitivity Regions of Probability Weighting Functions," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 61(4), pages 1369-1402, April.
    19. Peter P. Wakker, 2023. "The correct formula of 1979 prospect theory for multiple outcomes," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 94(2), pages 183-187, February.
    20. Michael Best & Robert Grauer & Jaroslava Hlouskova & Xili Zhang, 2014. "Loss-Aversion with Kinked Linear Utility Functions," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 44(1), pages 45-65, June.

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