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Millets for sustainable development in India: a social cost benefit analysis from a policy perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Sukhpal Singh

    (Indian Institute of Management)

  • K. V. Ramani

    (Mudra Institute of Communications)

  • Rasananda Panda

    (Mudra Institute of Communications)

Abstract

Sustainable development goals (SDGs) like zero hunger, no poverty, good health and well-being, reduced inequalities, climate action, and responsible consumption and production also figure in the agenda of G20 which is about poverty alleviation and food security through combatting global hunger and malnutrition, and cooperation in research on climate-resilient and nutritious crops such as millets. During the International Year of millets (2023), India, which had declared 2018 as the ‘National Year of Millets’, has taken many initiatives to promote millets, as a part of the G20 presidency. In the context of climate change, millets have gained substantial attention for their unique adaptability in harsh conditions like semi-arid lands and drought-prone environments. Millets, also called nutri-cereals in India, mainly comprise pearl millet (bajra), sorghum (jowar) and finger millet (ragi), and contribute about 5% to India’s cereals production. India is the largest producer of millets globally, accounting for 41% of global and 80% of Asian production. Millets have been a part of daily diets in many regions of India prior to the Green Revolution, but many farmers lost interest in millet crop following the Green Revolution, possibly due to higher yield and profitability of rice. However, the literature examining the value chains and social cost–benefit analysis of millets vis-à-vis conventional crops is scanty. This paper examines the value chain economics of the three major millets (pearl millet, sorghum and finger millet) which account for 85% of the total production of millets in India from a social cost–benefit analysis (SCBA) perspective and examines if millets can be recommended as a nutritional supplement to rice. It examines the major millets on macro- and micronutrient aspects of nutrition. The paper argues for policy support for expand millet production, strengthen its value chain, create public awareness about the health benefits of millets and to undertake activities to promote millets as nutritional supplement to rice in India.

Suggested Citation

  • Sukhpal Singh & K. V. Ramani & Rasananda Panda, 2024. "Millets for sustainable development in India: a social cost benefit analysis from a policy perspective," Asia Europe Journal, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 463-479, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:asiaeu:v:22:y:2024:i:4:d:10.1007_s10308-024-00713-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s10308-024-00713-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. William A. Masters & Alex Winter-Nelson, 1995. "Measuring the Comparative Advantage of Agricultural Activities: Domestic Resource Costs and the Social Cost-Benefit Ratio," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 77(2), pages 243-250.
    2. Shah, Deepak, 2023. "Millet Economy of Odisha: How Far It is Viable and Sustainable?," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 0(Number 3), September.
    3. A. Amarender Reddy & S.S. Raju & A. Suresh & Pramod Kumar, 2018. "Analysis of pearl millet market structure and value chain in India," Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 8(2), pages 406-424, June.
    4. Rohith, G.V. & Rashmi, K.S. & Hamsa, K.R. & Lekshmi, U. Divya & Rajeshwari, D. & Manjunatha, A.V. & Rashmi, N. & Olekar, Jagannath, 2015. "Incorporating Cost of Irrigation Water in the Currently Underestimated Cost of Cultivation: An Empirical Treatise," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 70(3), pages 1-14.
    5. Pathak, Hulas & Kiran, Kothuru Naga Madhu & Gauraha, A. K., 2023. "Consumer Awareness and Consumption Pattern of Millets and Millet-Based Products in Raipur City, Chhattisgarh," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 0(Number 3), September.
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