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Examining Tertiary Education Amid the War in Ukraine: A Synthetic Control Approach

Author

Listed:
  • BILAN Yuriy
  • MISHCHUK Halyna
  • HRYNKEVYCH Olha
  • PASLAVSKA Iryna
  • KICHURCHAK Marianna

Abstract

War consistently imposes significant challenges to the functioning and advancement of higher education. To identify the key trends in the development of tertiary education in Ukraine during 2014-2021 amid the war, the synthetic control method (SCM) was employed. The outcome variable for assessing tertiary education development is the gross enrolment ratio of the relevant age group. The broadest set of predictors influencing the dependent variable, for which statistical data is available on the World Bank website, consists of eighteen indicators. Through statistical and expert analysis, sixteen countries were selected for inclusion in the control group. The pre-war period was defined as 2000-2013, with 2014 marking the war’s onset, and 2015-2021 representing the war years. In the first stage, a synthetic model is constructed using the broadest possible dataset. In the second stage, the model’s sensitivity is analyzed, leading to the reduction of predictors to thirteen and the control group to ten countries. Consequently, the adequate synthetic model for the development of tertiary education in Ukraine from 2014 to 2021 was established. A placebo test confirmed that the observed gap between actual and synthetic values for tertiary education in Ukraine is not coincidental. The SCM analysis revealed that, without the war, a decline in demand in tertiary education would have been predicted for the 2014-2021 period. The observed gap underscores the significant impact of the war on Ukraine’s higher education system, providing valuable insights for shaping policy initiatives aimed at advancing tertiary education in the post-war era.

Suggested Citation

  • BILAN Yuriy & MISHCHUK Halyna & HRYNKEVYCH Olha & PASLAVSKA Iryna & KICHURCHAK Marianna, 2024. "Examining Tertiary Education Amid the War in Ukraine: A Synthetic Control Approach," European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Bucharest Economic Academy, issue 02, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:jis:ejistu:y:2024:i:02:id:549
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Abadie, Alberto & Diamond, Alexis & Hainmueller, Jens, 2011. "Synth: An R Package for Synthetic Control Methods in Comparative Case Studies," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 42(i13).
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    4. Suleman Sarwar & Dalia Streimikiene & Rida Waheed & Zouheir Mighri, 2021. "Revisiting the empirical relationship among the main targets of sustainable development: Growth, education, health and carbon emissions," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(2), pages 419-440, March.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Higher education; synthetic control method; treated unit; control units; predictors; forecasting;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I23 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Higher Education; Research Institutions
    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • C87 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Econometric Software

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