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Are Returns to Scale with Variable Network Size Adequate for Transport Industry Structure Analysis?

Author

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  • Leonardo J. Basso

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 228-3, Santiago, Chile)

  • Sergio R. Jara-Díaz

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 228-3, Santiago, Chile)

Abstract

It is customary to analyze transport industry structure using two indices: (1) economies of density and (2) economies of scale with variable network size . The latter has been defined to analyze the behavior of costs when output and network size expand simultaneously. After reviewing in detail what is intended with the calculation of RTS under this definition, we show analytically that, when the spatial aspects underlying transport production are taken into account, the seemingly reasonable conditions imposed on the aggregate output descriptions and the network variable conceal implicit output expansions that are not uniquely defined: they happen to depend on the specification of variables and on the evaluation point. Furthermore, most of the multiple output expansions analyzed correspond to cases that are hardly instructive. We conclude that this index is inherently ambiguous, hardly contributes to an adequate analysis of transport industry structure, and should be replaced by the calculation of economies of spatial scope ( Journal of Economic Literature L91, L11, D40).

Suggested Citation

  • Leonardo J. Basso & Sergio R. Jara-Díaz, 2006. "Are Returns to Scale with Variable Network Size Adequate for Transport Industry Structure Analysis?," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 40(3), pages 259-268, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:ortrsc:v:40:y:2006:i:3:p:259-268
    DOI: 10.1287/trsc.1060.0154
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    5. Mihir Dash, 2020. "Firm-Level Determinants of Cost Structure of the Indian Sugar Industry," Journal of Applied Management and Investments, Department of Business Administration and Corporate Security, International Humanitarian University, vol. 9(2), pages 55-62, June.
    6. Johnston, Ahren & Ozment, John, 2013. "Economies of scale in the US airline industry," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 95-108.
    7. Christian von Hirschhausen & Astrid Cullmann, 2008. "Next Stop: Restructuring?: A Nonparametric Efficiency Analysis of German Public Transport Companies," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 831, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
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    9. Jara-Díaz, Sergio R. & Cortés, Cristián E. & Morales, Gabriela A., 2013. "Explaining changes and trends in the airline industry: Economies of density, multiproduct scale, and spatial scope," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 13-26.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    transportation economics; returns to scale; transport production; multioutput cost functions;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L91 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Transportation: General
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
    • D40 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - General

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