IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ids/ijepee/v15y2022i2-3-4p153-163.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Demographics and financial risk tolerance among investors of Punjab: an empirical analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Anu Sahi

Abstract

This study empirically examined the relationship between demographics and financial risk tolerance of investors and to check, whether investors can be categorised into risk tolerance categories, named as risk takers and risk averse using demographics. A single cross-sectional primary survey conducted on 151 investors with varied level of investment experience and demographic features. The dependent variable financial risk tolerance has been measured using seven-point Likert scale and the independent variables were measured on nominal and ordinal scale. The relationship between the variables were analysed using univariate and multivariate analysis techniques. Results revealed that age and family income have significant relation with financial risk tolerance of individual investors. Application of logistic regression unravel that demographic features can be used for categorising investors as risk takers or risk averse.

Suggested Citation

  • Anu Sahi, 2022. "Demographics and financial risk tolerance among investors of Punjab: an empirical analysis," International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 15(2/3/4), pages 153-163.
  • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:15:y:2022:i:2/3/4:p:153-163
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=121343
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. John E. Grable & Michael J. Roszkowski, 2008. "The influence of mood on the willingness to take financial risks," Journal of Risk Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(7), pages 905-923, October.
    2. Eckel, Catherine C. & Grossman, Philip J., 2008. "Men, Women and Risk Aversion: Experimental Evidence," Handbook of Experimental Economics Results, in: Charles R. Plott & Vernon L. Smith (ed.), Handbook of Experimental Economics Results, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 113, pages 1061-1073, Elsevier.
    3. Fisher, Patti J. & Yao, Rui, 2017. "Gender differences in financial risk tolerance," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 191-202.
    4. Ryan Gibson & David Michayluk & Gerhard Van de Venter, 2013. "Financial risk tolerance: An analysis of unexplored factors," Published Paper Series 2013-1, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.
    5. Grable, John & Lytton, Ruth H., 1999. "Financial risk tolerance revisited: the development of a risk assessment instrument," Financial Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 8(3), pages 163-181.
    6. Clifford B. Hawley & Edwin T. Fujii, 1993. "An Empirical Analysis of Preferences for Financial Risk: Further Evidence on the Friedman–Savage Model," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(2), pages 197-204, December.
    7. Bannier, Christina E. & Neubert, Milena, 2016. "Gender differences in financial risk taking: The role of financial literacy and risk tolerance," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 130-135.
    8. Hunter Matthew Holzhauer & Xing Lu & Robert McLeod & Jun Wang, 2016. "RiskTRACK: the five-factor model for measuring risk tolerance," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 17(4), pages 428-445, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Anbar, Adem & Eker, Melek, 2019. "The Effect of Sociodemographic Variables and Love of Money on Financial Risk Tolerance of Bankers," Business and Economics Research Journal, Uludag University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, vol. 10(4), pages 855-866, July.
    2. Linh Thi My Nguyen & Phong Thanh Nguyen & Quynh Nguyen Nhu Tran & Thi Tuong Giang Trinh, 2021. "Why does subjective financial literacy hinder retirement saving? The mediating roles of risk tolerance and risk perception," Review of Behavioral Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 14(5), pages 627-645, April.
    3. Antonios Evangelou & Sune Ferreira-Schenk & Lorainne Ferreira & Elizabeth Bothma, 2022. "Investment Risk Tolerance amongst South African University Students in the Vaal Triangle Area," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 12(1), pages 13-23.
    4. Hermansson, Cecilia & Jonsson, Sara, 2021. "The impact of financial literacy and financial interest on risk tolerance," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C).
    5. Blake, David & Duffield, Mel & Tonks, Ian & Haig, Alistair & Blower, Dean & MacPhee, Laura, 2022. "Smart defaults: Determining the number of default funds in a pension scheme," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 54(4).
    6. Pragati Hemrajani & Rajni & Rahul Dhiman, 2024. "Retail Investors’ Financial Risk Tolerance and Risk-taking Behaviour: The Role of Psychological Factors," FIIB Business Review, , vol. 13(1), pages 87-105, January.
    7. John Grable & Eun Jin Kwak & Martha Fulk & Aditi Routh, 2022. "A Simplified Measure of Investor Risk Aversion," Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics, , vol. 34(1), pages 7-34, January.
    8. Sune Ferreira & Zandri Dickason-Koekemoer, 2019. "The Relationship Between Depositor Behaviour and Risk Tolerance in a South African Context," Advances in Decision Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan, vol. 23(3), pages 36-55, September.
    9. Zhu, Alex Yue Feng, 2019. "Financial risk tolerance of Hong Kong adolescents: A hierarchical model," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 193-200.
    10. Caterina Cruciani & Gloria Gardenal & Giuseppe Amitrano, 2022. "Risk Tolerance Tools: From Academia to Regulation and Back," Springer Books, in: Understanding Financial Risk Tolerance, chapter 0, pages 39-78, Springer.
    11. Zandri Dickason-Koekemoer & Sune Ferreira-Schenk, 2022. "Constructing a Model for Domain-specific Risk-taking, Life Satisfaction and Risk Tolerance of Investors," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 12(4), pages 84-90, July.
    12. Zandri Dickason-Koekemoer & Suné Ferreira, 2018. "Subjective Risk Tolerance of South African Investors," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 10(6), pages 286-294.
    13. Kumar Saurabh & Tanuj Nandan, 2019. "Role of financial knowledge, financial socialisation and financial risk attitude in financial satisfaction of Indian individuals," International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 18(1), pages 104-122.
    14. Charles Godfred Ackah & Enoch Randy Aikins & Thomas Twene Sarpong & Derek Asuman, 2019. "Gender Differences In Attitudes Toward Risk: Evidence From Entreprenuers In Ghana And Uganda," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 24(01), pages 1-19, March.
    15. Brooks, Chris & Sangiorgi, Ivan & Hillenbrand, Carola & Money, Kevin, 2019. "Experience wears the trousers: Exploring gender and attitude to financial risk," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 483-515.
    16. D. Kellerman & Z. Dickason-Koekemoer & S. Ferreira & David McMillan, 2020. "Analysing investment product choice in South Africa under the investor lifecycle," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 1848972-184, January.
    17. Nur Alya Afiqah Binti Mahat & Wei-Theng Lau, 2023. "Financial Literacy, Experience, Risk Tolerance and Investment Behavior: Observations during Pandemic," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(10), pages 558-573, October.
    18. Muna Sharma & Swarn Chatterjee, 2021. "Cognitive Functioning: An Underlying Mechanism of Age and Gender Differences in Self-Assessed Risk Tolerance among an Aging Population," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-9, February.
    19. Katarzyna Kochaniak & Paweł Ulman, 2020. "Risk-Intolerant but Risk-Taking—Towards a Better Understanding of Inconsistent Survey Responses of the Euro Area Households," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-26, August.
    20. Jamie Wagner & William B. Walstad, 2023. "Gender Differences in Financial Decision-Making and Behaviors in Single and Joint Households," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 68(1), pages 5-23, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ids:ijepee:v:15:y:2022:i:2/3/4:p:153-163. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sarah Parker (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=219 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.