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Computational Ergo-Design for a Real-Time Baggage Handling System in an Airport

Author

Listed:
  • Ouzna Oukacha

    (IT Laboratory, ECAM Louis de Broglie, 35000 Rennes, France)

  • Alain-Jérôme Fougères

    (IT Laboratory, ECAM Louis de Broglie, 35000 Rennes, France)

  • Moïse Djoko-Kouam

    (IT Laboratory, ECAM Louis de Broglie, 35000 Rennes, France
    IETR, UMR CNRS 6164, CentraleSupélec, 35000 Rennes, France)

  • Egon Ostrosi

    (ELLIADD-ERCOS, Université de Technologie de Belfort Montbéliard (UTBM), EA4661, 90010 Belfort, France)

Abstract

Despite the growing importance of human-centered design and ergonomics in various fields, a significant gap exists in applying these principles to robotic systems in airport environments. This paper focuses on a real-time baggage handling monitoring system by proposing a computational ergo-design approach. It presents the optimal system architecture for real-time baggage handling. The proposed architecture, called ARTEMIS (ARchitecture for real-TimE baggage handling and MonitorIng System), is designed for real-time baggage handling and monitoring. The circuit modeling is carried out using a directed graph. Five strategies are simulated to test their effectiveness and evaluate their performance within the system. A simulation that generates key indicators enables preliminary visualization and analysis of AGV behavior through predefined scenarios. These results are presented through an intuitive and ergonomic user interface, designed with a focus on user–computer interaction as a problem-solving process centered on the user’s experience. The results show that, if the goal is to balance energy efficiency with effective baggage handling, the Mixed Advance/Delay Strategy appears to be the best overall choice, as it optimizes both energy consumption and baggage handling while maintaining relatively low waiting times. However, if minimizing queue time and maximizing baggage collection are the highest priorities (with less emphasis on energy efficiency), the Turnstile Strategy remains a solid option. In addition, the simulations show that the operator plays a central role in minimizing delays and ensuring the smooth operation of the system. Both local and global system failures depend heavily on the operator’s response time, decision-making, and overall efficiency. Therefore, operator efficiency and a well-designed support system are critical to maintaining a smooth and effective baggage handling process.

Suggested Citation

  • Ouzna Oukacha & Alain-Jérôme Fougères & Moïse Djoko-Kouam & Egon Ostrosi, 2025. "Computational Ergo-Design for a Real-Time Baggage Handling System in an Airport," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-27, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:9:p:3794-:d:1640431
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sergio Ortega Alba & Mario Manana, 2016. "Energy Research in Airports: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-19, May.
    2. Agnieszka A. Tubis & Honorata Poturaj, 2022. "Risk Related to AGV Systems—Open-Access Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-23, November.
    3. Sergio Ortega Alba & Mario Manana, 2017. "Characterization and Analysis of Energy Demand Patterns in Airports," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-35, January.
    4. Wu, Xuepei & Xie, Lihua, 2017. "On load balancing strategies for baggage screening at airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 82-89.
    5. Chiuhsiang Joe Lin & Tariku Tamiru Belis & Tsai Chi Kuo, 2019. "Ergonomics-Based Factors or Criteria for the Evaluation of Sustainable Product Manufacturing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-20, September.
    6. Enrico Mancinelli & Francesco Canestrari & Andrea Graziani & Umberto Rizza & Giorgio Passerini, 2021. "Sustainable Performances of Small to Medium-Sized Airports in the Adriatic Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-20, November.
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