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Research on the Correlation Mechanism Between Complex Slopes of Mountain City Roads and the Real Driving Emission of Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles

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  • Gangzhi Tang

    (College of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)

  • Dong Liu

    (College of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)

  • Jiajun Liu

    (College of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)

  • Xuefei Deng

    (College of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)

Abstract

This research proposed the method of using cumulative positive and negative elevation increment indicators based on road segment to identify the slope characteristics of mountain city roads. Furthermore, it proposed the adoption of these indicators, combined with driving dynamics and emission theory, to analyze the correlation mechanism between the road slope and the actual driving fuel consumption and emissions. Three routes with different slope characteristics were selected in the mountain city of Chongqing, and six road driving tests were conducted using a Class N2 heavy-duty diesel vehicle. Finally, a comprehensive and in-depth study on fuel consumption and emission characteristics was carried out. The results show that the cumulative positive and negative elevation increment indicators based on road segment can correctly identify the complex slope characteristics of mountain city roads. Moreover, using the above indicators, the research method based on the theory of driving dynamics and emission successfully revealed the correlation mechanism between the slope of mountain city roads and the fuel consumption and emissions. Overall, the changes in fuel consumption factor and pollutants CO, NO X , and PN are positively correlated with the change in slope. The increase in slope leads to a rise in load, thereby increasing the required power, fuel consumption, and rich combustion conditions, ultimately leading to an increase in pollutants. It should be noted that driving dynamics also affect fuel consumption and emissions, leading to the specific rate of change between slope and fuel consumption not being consistent and a significant increase in the PN (Particulate Number) on some road sections. In addition, exhaust gas temperature may have a certain impact on emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Gangzhi Tang & Dong Liu & Jiajun Liu & Xuefei Deng, 2025. "Research on the Correlation Mechanism Between Complex Slopes of Mountain City Roads and the Real Driving Emission of Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:2:p:554-:d:1565543
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pavlovic, Jelica & Marotta, Alessandro & Ciuffo, Biagio, 2016. "CO2 emissions and energy demands of vehicles tested under the NEDC and the new WLTP type approval test procedures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 661-670.
    2. Costagliola, Maria Antonietta & Costabile, Marianeve & Prati, Maria Vittoria, 2018. "Impact of road grade on real driving emissions from two Euro 5 diesel vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 586-593.
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    Cited by:

    1. Paúl Andrés Molina-Campoverde & Juan José Molina-Campoverde & Johan Tipanluisa-Portilla, 2025. "Advanced Modeling of Fuel Efficiency in Light-Duty Vehicles Using Gamma Regression with Log-Link Under Real Driving Conditions at High Altitude: Quito, Ecuador Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-25, August.

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