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Spatiotemporal Evolution of Ecosystem Service Value and Its Tradeoffs and Synergies in the Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt

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  • Lina Ke

    (School of Geographical Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
    Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

  • Qingli Jiang

    (School of Geographical Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

  • Lei Wang

    (School of Geographical Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

  • Yao Lu

    (School of Geographical Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

  • Yu Zhao

    (School of Geographical Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

  • Quanming Wang

    (National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China)

Abstract

As ecologically sensitive interfaces shaped by the interplay of land and sea, coastal zones demand close attention. Uncovering the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem service value (ESV) and the intricate interrelations among ecosystem service (ES) functions is imperative for the informed governance of human–land interactions and for fostering sustainable regional development. This study analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of ESV based on the modified equivalent factor table, combining the Geo-information Tupu, Markov transfer model, and standard deviation ellipse. Additionally, we introduce an ecosystem service tradeoff degree (ESTD) to assess the tradeoffs and synergies among various ESs, and we utilize GeoDetector to elucidate the driving forces behind the spatial disparities in ESV. Our findings reveal that (1) Although the land use composite index in the Liaoning coastal economic belt (LCEB) increased, the pace of land use transformation demonstrated a trend toward stabilization over the study duration. (2) Between 2000 to2020, ESV initially declined but subsequently experienced an upward rebound, resulting in a net gain of approximately 48 billion yuan. Spatial analysis indicated continuous enlargement of the standard deviation ellipse, with its centroid consistently located within Yingkou City and a gradual directional shift toward the southwest. (3) The dominant relationship among ESs showed synergy, with notable tradeoffs between hydrological regulation and other services. (4) Topography and climate factors were the primary drivers of spatial heterogeneity of ESV in the LCEB. The research provides spatial decision support for optimizing the ecological security pattern of the coastal zone.

Suggested Citation

  • Lina Ke & Qingli Jiang & Lei Wang & Yao Lu & Yu Zhao & Quanming Wang, 2025. "Spatiotemporal Evolution of Ecosystem Service Value and Its Tradeoffs and Synergies in the Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-20, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:12:p:5245-:d:1673368
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xie, Gaodi & Zhang, Caixia & Zhen, Lin & Zhang, Leiming, 2017. "Dynamic changes in the value of China’s ecosystem services," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 26(PA), pages 146-154.
    2. Qiaoyu Wang & Li Wang & Qiang Wu & Peng Du, 2025. "Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Ecosystem Service Value Based on the Framework of “Risk-Association-Driver”: A Case Study of Panjin City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-24, March.
    3. Linrui Zhang & Kanhua Yu & Yue Zhang & Jiabin Wei & Wenting Yang & Xuhui Wang, 2025. "Research on the Value of County-Level Ecosystem Services in Highly Mountainous Canyon Areas Based on Land Use Change: Analysis of Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics and Spatial Stability," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-18, February.
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