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The Rise and Fall of Regions: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Analysis of Türkiye’s Regional Economies’ Sustainable Performance

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  • Nazli Tekman

    (Department of Transportation Services, Osmaniye Vocational School, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye 80010, Türkiye)

  • Muhammed Ordu

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye 80010, Türkiye)

Abstract

Macroeconomic indicators are essential measures that reflect the overall economic wellbeing of a region or country and have a significant impact on investment decisions. The data on macroeconomic indicators for Turkish development regions facilitate a comparison of macroeconomic performance between these regions. This kind of analysis can help enhance the development levels of the regions while ensuring resources are used efficiently. This study compares the macroeconomic performance of Turkish development regions between 2019 and 2022 using a hybrid multi-criteria analysis method. A total of 26 regions were evaluated based on seven criteria: GDP, GDP per capita, employment rate, number of enterprises, export, unemployment rate, and import. The criteria were weighted using the Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method and ranked using the Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) method. This study addresses a gap in the literature by analyzing the macroeconomic performance of Turkish regions, aiming to reduce economic disparities. The results showed that the Istanbul region had the best performance over the 4-year period, while Eastern Anatolia experienced a consistently declining performance, ranking last. Some regions had fluctuating performances, while others maintained steady outcomes. This study advances research by offering a more reliable and comprehensive analysis, thereby contributing to the improvement of future studies on regional economic development.

Suggested Citation

  • Nazli Tekman & Muhammed Ordu, 2025. "The Rise and Fall of Regions: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Analysis of Türkiye’s Regional Economies’ Sustainable Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:11:p:5222-:d:1672942
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Morteza Yazdani & Pascale Zaraté & Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas & Zenonas Turskis, 2019. "A Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) method for multi-criteria decision-making problems," Post-Print hal-02879091, HAL.
    2. Xiaokai Meng & Ghulam Muhammad Shaikh, 2023. "Evaluating Environmental, Social, and Governance Criteria and Green Finance Investment Strategies Using Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy WASPAS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-19, April.
    3. Chaofeng Li & Yasir Ahmed Solangi & Sharafat Ali, 2023. "Evaluating the Factors of Green Finance to Achieve Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Targets in China: A Delphi and Fuzzy AHP Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-21, February.
    4. Yuanyuan Li & Yindan Zhang & Yasir Ahmed Solangi, 2023. "Assessing ESG Factors and Policies of Green Finance Investment Decisions for Sustainable Development in China Using the Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy DEMATEL," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-23, October.
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