IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i5p4483-d1085924.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Experimental Investigations on Dual-Fuel Engine Fueled with Tertiary Renewable Fuel Combinations of Biodiesel and Producer—Hydrogen Gas Using Response Surface Methodology

Author

Listed:
  • Sushrut S. Halewadimath

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Institute of Technology, Hubballi 580027, India)

  • Nagaraj R. Banapurmath

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Technological University, BVB Campus, Hubballi 580031, India
    Centre of Excellence in Material Science, KLE Technological University, BVB Campus, Hubballi 580031, India)

  • V. S. Yaliwal

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.D.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Dharwad 580002, India)

  • V. N. Gaitonde

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Technological University, BVB Campus, Hubballi 580031, India)

  • T. M. Yunus Khan

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 394, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Chandramouli Vadlamudi

    (Aerospace Integration Engineer, Aerosapien Technologies, Daytona Beach, FL 32114, USA)

  • Sanjay Krishnappa

    (Aerospace Integration Engineer, Aerosapien Technologies, Daytona Beach, FL 32114, USA)

  • Ashok M. Sajjan

    (Centre of Excellence in Material Science, KLE Technological University, BVB Campus, Hubballi 580031, India
    Department of Chemistry, KLE Technological University, BVB Campus, Hubballi 580031, India)

Abstract

The effects of producer gas (PG), hydrogen (H 2 ), and neem oil methyl ester-blended fuel (NeOME B20) flow rate optimization on dual fuel (DF) engine performance were examined in the current work. PG and H 2 were used as primary fuels, while NeOME B20 was used as a secondary pilot fuel in the DF engine. The DF engine’s performance and pollution levels were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and the results were compared with experimental values. The full factorial design (FFD) has been used to minimize the number of experiments. The design of experiments (DOEs) with an experimental design matrix of 27 distinct combinations were taken into consideration. The primary goal of the effort is to optimize different fuel flow rates for better brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and lower tail pipe exhaust pollutants. The developed RSM model is validated with experimental results for the selected fuel flow rates using a desirability approach. Experiments were carried out at a constant speed of 1500 rpm, compression ratio (CR) of 17.5, injector opening pressure (IOP) 240 bar, six-hole nozzle with 0.2 mm diameter, and injection timing (IT) of 27° before top dead center (bTDC). The flow rates of NeOME B20, PG, and H 2 varied from 0.4 to 0.8 kg/h, 7 to 9 kg/h, and 0.029 to 0.059 kg/h, respectively. Optimum flow rates for NeOME B20, PG, and H 2 were found to be 0.8, 7, and 0.044, kg/h respectively for the maximized break thermal efficiency (BTE) and reduced exhaust emission levels. However, a marginal increase in NO x was noticed. In addition, the delay period and combustion duration were reduced, and the cylinder pressure (CP) and heat release rate (HRR) were increased for the optimal condition with a desirability of 0.998. Overall, DF operation with selected fuel combinations was found to be smooth and satisfactory.

Suggested Citation

  • Sushrut S. Halewadimath & Nagaraj R. Banapurmath & V. S. Yaliwal & V. N. Gaitonde & T. M. Yunus Khan & Chandramouli Vadlamudi & Sanjay Krishnappa & Ashok M. Sajjan, 2023. "Experimental Investigations on Dual-Fuel Engine Fueled with Tertiary Renewable Fuel Combinations of Biodiesel and Producer—Hydrogen Gas Using Response Surface Methodology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-18, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:4483-:d:1085924
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/5/4483/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/5/4483/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Banapurmath, N.R. & Tewari, P.G., 2009. "Comparative performance studies of a 4-stroke CI engine operated on dual fuel mode with producer gas and Honge oil and its methyl ester (HOME) with and without carburetor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 1009-1015.
    2. Pandian, M. & Sivapirakasam, S.P. & Udayakumar, M., 2011. "Investigation on the effect of injection system parameters on performance and emission characteristics of a twin cylinder compression ignition direct injection engine fuelled with pongamia biodiesel-d," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(8), pages 2663-2676, August.
    3. Muralidharan, K. & Vasudevan, D., 2011. "Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a variable compression ratio engine using methyl esters of waste cooking oil and diesel blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 3959-3968.
    4. Sharma, Abhishek & Ansari, Naushad Ahmad & Pal, Amit & Singh, Yashvir & Lalhriatpuia, S., 2019. "Effect of biogas on the performance and emissions of diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel-ethanol blends through response surface methodology approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 657-668.
    5. Singh, R.N. & Singh, S.P. & Pathak, B.S., 2007. "Investigations on operation of CI engine using producer gas and rice bran oil in mixed fuel mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(9), pages 1565-1580.
    6. Liu, Jie & Yang, Fuyuan & Wang, Hewu & Ouyang, Minggao & Hao, Shougang, 2013. "Effects of pilot fuel quantity on the emissions characteristics of a CNG/diesel dual fuel engine with optimized pilot injection timing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 201-206.
    7. Singh, Yashvir & Sharma, Abhishek & Tiwari, Sumit & Singla, Amneesh, 2019. "Optimization of diesel engine performance and emission parameters employing cassia tora methyl esters-response surface methodology approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 909-918.
    8. Hosmath, R.S. & Banapurmath, N.R. & Khandal, S.V. & Gaitonde, V.N. & Basavarajappa, Y.H. & Yaliwal, V.S., 2016. "Effect of compression ratio, CNG flow rate and injection timing on the performance of dual fuel engine operated on honge oil methyl ester (HOME) and compressed natural gas (CNG)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 579-590.
    9. Najafi, Gholamhassan & Ghobadian, Barat & Yusaf, Talal & Safieddin Ardebili, Seyed Mohammad & Mamat, Rizalman, 2015. "Optimization of performance and exhaust emission parameters of a SI (spark ignition) engine with gasoline–ethanol blended fuels using response surface methodology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1815-1829.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yaliwal, V.S. & Banapurmath, N.R. & Gaitonde, V.N. & Malipatil, M.D., 2019. "Simultaneous optimization of multiple operating engine parameters of a biodiesel-producer gas operated compression ignition (CI) engine coupled with hydrogen using response surface methodology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 944-959.
    2. Solmaz, Hamit & Safieddin Ardebili, Seyed Mohammad & Aksoy, Fatih & Calam, Alper & Yılmaz, Emre & Arslan, Muhammed, 2020. "Optimization of the operating conditions of a beta-type rhombic drive stirling engine by using response surface method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    3. Yusri, I.M. & Abdul Majeed, A.P.P. & Mamat, R. & Ghazali, M.F. & Awad, Omar I. & Azmi, W.H., 2018. "A review on the application of response surface method and artificial neural network in engine performance and exhaust emissions characteristics in alternative fuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 665-686.
    4. Tamilselvan, P. & Nallusamy, N. & Rajkumar, S., 2017. "A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1134-1159.
    5. Das, S. & Kashyap, D. & Kalita, P. & Kulkarni, V. & Itaya, Y., 2020. "Clean gaseous fuel application in diesel engine: A sustainable option for rural electrification in India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    6. K. M. Akkoli & N. R. Banapurmath & Suresh G & Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar & T. M. Yunus Khan & Maughal Ahmed Ali Baig & M. A. Mujtaba & Nazia Hossain & Kiran Shahapurkar & Ashraf Elfasakhany & Mishal A, 2021. "Effect of Producer Gas from Redgram Stalk and Combustion Chamber Types on the Emission and Performance Characteristics of Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-17, September.
    7. Hoseini, S.S. & Najafi, G. & Ghobadian, B. & Mamat, Rizalman & Sidik, Nor Azwadi Che & Azmi, W.H., 2017. "The effect of combustion management on diesel engine emissions fueled with biodiesel-diesel blends," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 307-331.
    8. Goel, Varun & Kumar, Naresh & Singh, Paramvir, 2018. "Impact of modified parameters on diesel engine characteristics using biodiesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2716-2729.
    9. Marco Bietresato & Carlo Caligiuri & Anna Bolla & Massimiliano Renzi & Fabrizio Mazzetto, 2019. "Proposal of a Predictive Mixed Experimental- Numerical Approach for Assessing the Performance of Farm Tractor Engines Fuelled with Diesel- Biodiesel-Bioethanol Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-45, June.
    10. Bora, Bhaskor J. & Saha, Ujjwal K., 2016. "Experimental evaluation of a rice bran biodiesel – biogas run dual fuel diesel engine at varying compression ratios," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 782-790.
    11. Yunus khan, T.M. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Badarudin, Ahmad & Banapurmath, N.R. & Salman Ahmed, N.J. & Quadir, G.A. & Al-Rashed, Abdullah A.A.A. & Khaleed, H.M.T. & Kamangar, Sarfaraz, 2015. "Effects of engine variables and heat transfer on the performance of biodiesel fueled IC engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 682-691.
    12. Meng, Xiangyu & Zhou, Yihui & Yang, Tianhao & Long, Wuqiang & Bi, Mingshu & Tian, Jiangping & Lee, Chia-Fon F., 2020. "An experimental investigation of a dual-fuel engine by using bio-fuel as the additive," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 2238-2249.
    13. Paul, Abhishek & Panua, Raj Sekhar & Debroy, Durbadal & Bose, Probir Kumar, 2014. "Effect of compressed natural gas dual fuel operation with diesel and Pongamia pinnata methyl ester (PPME) as pilot fuels on performance and emission characteristics of a CI (compression ignition) engi," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 495-509.
    14. Macor, A. & Avella, F. & Faedo, D., 2011. "Effects of 30% v/v biodiesel/diesel fuel blend on regulated and unregulated pollutant emissions from diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4989-5001.
    15. Sergejus Lebedevas & Tomas Čepaitis, 2021. "Parametric Analysis of the Combustion Cycle of a Diesel Engine for Operation on Natural Gas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-23, March.
    16. Suman Dey & Akhilendra Pratap Singh & Sameer Sheshrao Gajghate & Sagnik Pal & Bidyut Baran Saha & Madhujit Deb & Pankaj Kumar Das, 2023. "Optimization of CI Engine Performance and Emissions Using Alcohol–Biodiesel Blends: A Regression Analysis Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-14, October.
    17. Sakthivel, R. & Ramesh, K. & Joseph John Marshal, S. & Sadasivuni, Kishor Kumar, 2019. "Prediction of performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with waste biomass pyrolysis oil using response surface methodology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 91-103.
    18. Krishnamoorthi, M. & Malayalamurthi, R., 2018. "Availability analysis, performance, combustion and emission behavior of bael oil - diesel - diethyl ether blends in a variable compression ratio diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 235-252.
    19. Khandal, S.V. & Banapurmath, N.R. & Gaitonde, V.N. & Hiremath, S.S., 2017. "Paradigm shift from mechanical direct injection diesel engines to advanced injection strategies of diesel homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines- A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 369-384.
    20. Alagumalai, Avinash, 2014. "Internal combustion engines: Progress and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 561-571.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:4483-:d:1085924. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.