IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i13p9985-d1177713.html

Flexibility Analysis for Multi-Energy Microgrid and Distribution System Operator under a Distributed Local Energy Market Framework

Author

Listed:
  • Ali Sahebi

    (Center of Excellence for Power Systems Automation and Operation, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran)

  • Shahram Jadid

    (Center of Excellence for Power Systems Automation and Operation, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran)

  • Morteza Nazari-Heris

    (College of Engineering, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI 48075, USA)

Abstract

Increasing the penetration rate of microgrids (MGs) for Local Energy Market (LEM) participation creates new challenges for the market-clearing process under a large number of requests for energy transactions. The market-clearing process for decentralized market frameworks is dependent on participants’ flexibility in negotiations for bilateral energy transactions. Multi-energy microgrids (MEMGs) include combined heat and power units which can be less dependent on electricity prices because of energy conversion equipment, gas infrastructure, and combined heat and power loads. In this regard, to evaluate prosumers’ flexibility role in market negotiations, a new analysis based on energy scheduling of MEMG considering a Demand-Response Program (DRP) model is executed under a distributed market structure. Moreover, two new flexibility indexes for market participants with attention to prosumers’ adaption capabilities are proposed. The results show that, under a 9.35% flexibility index improvement for the entire system, the social welfare function improved by 2.75%. Moreover, the results show that the DRP model for changeable and shiftable loads can improve the flexibility of the entire system by 35.82%. Combined heat and power load are considered as the resource of flexibility for system evaluations.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Sahebi & Shahram Jadid & Morteza Nazari-Heris, 2023. "Flexibility Analysis for Multi-Energy Microgrid and Distribution System Operator under a Distributed Local Energy Market Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-23, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:13:p:9985-:d:1177713
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/9985/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/9985/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Oree, Vishwamitra & Sayed Hassen, Sayed Z., 2016. "A composite metric for assessing flexibility available in conventional generators of power systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 683-691.
    2. Esmat, Ayman & de Vos, Martijn & Ghiassi-Farrokhfal, Yashar & Palensky, Peter & Epema, Dick, 2021. "A novel decentralized platform for peer-to-peer energy trading market with blockchain technology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    3. Karimi, Hamid & Jadid, Shahram, 2020. "Optimal energy management for multi-microgrid considering demand response programs: A stochastic multi-objective framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    4. Wang, Ni & Liu, Ziyi & Heijnen, Petra & Warnier, Martijn, 2022. "A peer-to-peer market mechanism incorporating multi-energy coupling and cooperative behaviors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    5. Mohammad Hemmati & Mehdi Abapour & Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo & Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam, 2020. "Optimal Operation of Integrated Electrical and Natural Gas Networks with a Focus on Distributed Energy Hub Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-22, October.
    6. Simone Minniti & Niyam Haque & Phuong Nguyen & Guus Pemen, 2018. "Local Markets for Flexibility Trading: Key Stages and Enablers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-21, November.
    7. Chen, J.J. & Qi, B.X. & Rong, Z.K. & Peng, K. & Zhao, Y.L. & Zhang, X.H., 2021. "Multi-energy coordinated microgrid scheduling with integrated demand response for flexibility improvement," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    8. Zhang, Heng & Zhang, Shenxi & Hu, Xiao & Cheng, Haozhong & Gu, Qingfa & Du, Mengke, 2022. "Parametric optimization-based peer-to-peer energy trading among commercial buildings considering multiple energy conversion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tariq, Abdul Haseeb & Amin, Uzma, 2025. "Peer-to-peer multi-energy trading in a decentralized network: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    2. Mansour-Saatloo, Amin & Pezhmani, Yasin & Mirzaei, Mohammad Amin & Mohammadi-Ivatloo, Behnam & Zare, Kazem & Marzband, Mousa & Anvari-Moghaddam, Amjad, 2021. "Robust decentralized optimization of Multi-Microgrids integrated with Power-to-X technologies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    3. Lai, Chunyang & Kazemtabrizi, Behzad, 2025. "A novel two-stage framework to improve the flexibility of grid connected wind-hydro power system in real-time operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 396(C).
    4. Zhou, Xu & Ma, Zhongjing & Zou, Suli & Zhang, Jinhui, 2022. "Consensus-based distributed economic dispatch for Multi Micro Energy Grid systems under coupled carbon emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    5. Wu, Kunming & Li, Qiang & Chen, Ziyu & Lin, Jiayang & Yi, Yongli & Chen, Minyou, 2021. "Distributed optimization method with weighted gradients for economic dispatch problem of multi-microgrid systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    6. Oana Marin & Tudor Cioara & Ionut Anghel, 2023. "Blockchain Solution for Buildings’ Multi-Energy Flexibility Trading Using Multi-Token Standards," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-17, May.
    7. Liu, Qian & Li, Wanjun & Zhao, Zhen & Jian, Gan, 2024. "Optimal operation of coordinated multi-carrier energy hubs for integrated electricity and gas networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    8. Zhou, Yuekuan & Lund, Peter D., 2023. "Peer-to-peer energy sharing and trading of renewable energy in smart communities ─ trading pricing models, decision-making and agent-based collaboration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 177-193.
    9. Matija Kostelac & Lin Herenčić & Tomislav Capuder, 2022. "Planning and Operational Aspects of Individual and Clustered Multi-Energy Microgrid Options," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-17, February.
    10. Ahmadi, Seyed Ehsan & Sadeghi, Delnia & Marzband, Mousa & Abusorrah, Abdullah & Sedraoui, Khaled, 2022. "Decentralized bi-level stochastic optimization approach for multi-agent multi-energy networked micro-grids with multi-energy storage technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    11. Anh Viet Tran & Bui Thanh Khoa, 2025. "Systematic Review of Blockchain Business Applications and the Metaverse," SAGE Open, , vol. 15(4), pages 21582440251, November.
    12. Haonan He & Wei Chen & Shanyong Wang & Shiqiang Li & Fei Ma & Qipeng Sun, 2026. "Green power pricing and matching efficiency optimization for peer-to-peer trading platforms considering heterogeneity of supply and demand sides," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 359(2), pages 1401-1424, April.
    13. Lyu, Cheng & Jia, Youwei & Xu, Zhao, 2021. "Fully decentralized peer-to-peer energy sharing framework for smart buildings with local battery system and aggregated electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    14. Hasankhani, Arezoo & Hakimi, Seyed Mehdi, 2021. "Stochastic energy management of smart microgrid with intermittent renewable energy resources in electricity market," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    15. Gao, Yang & Ai, Qian & He, Xing & Fan, Songli, 2023. "Coordination for regional integrated energy system through target cascade optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    16. Mehar Ullah & Daniel Gutierrez-Rojas & Eero Inkeri & Tero Tynjälä & Pedro H. J. Nardelli, 2022. "Operation of Power-to-X-Related Processes Based on Advanced Data-Driven Methods: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-17, October.
    17. Shahid Nawaz Khan & Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi & Abdullah Altamimi & Zafar A. Khan & Mohammed A. Alghassab, 2022. "Smart Distribution Mechanisms—Part I: From the Perspectives of Planning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-109, December.
    18. Md Imran Khan & Ahmad Raza & Abdulrahman Alomair & Abdulaziz S. Al Naim, 2025. "A scientometric analysis on blockchain and NFTs: trends and development," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.
    19. Pedro Faria & Zita Vale, 2019. "Distributed Energy Resources Management 2018," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-4, December.
    20. Ma, Haoyu & Wang, Han, 2025. "Optimal resilient scheduling strategy for electricity–gas–hydrogen multi-energy microgrids considering emergency islanding," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:13:p:9985-:d:1177713. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager The email address of this maintainer does not seem to be valid anymore. Please ask MDPI Indexing Manager to update the entry or send us the correct address (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.