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Effect of Hydrothermal Curing on the Hydration and Strength Development of Belite Cement Mortar Containing Industrial Wastes

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  • Dovile Rubinaite

    (Department of Silicate Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50270 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Tadas Dambrauskas

    (Department of Silicate Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50270 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Kestutis Baltakys

    (Department of Silicate Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50270 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Raimundas Siauciunas

    (Department of Silicate Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50270 Kaunas, Lithuania)

Abstract

This paper describes the impact of hydrothermal conditions on the strength properties and hydration processes of belite cement mortar samples. The belite-rich binder was synthesized by sintering the initial mixture of raw materials (granite cutting waste, the silica-gel waste from AlF 3 production, and natural materials) in a high-temperature furnace at a temperature of 1150 °C for 2 h. The prepared clinker consists of larnite, mayenite, srebrodolskite, ye’elimite, and gehlenite. To control hydration kinetics and optimize the hardening of belite cement mortar, the produced clinker was blended with 7.5% of gypsum. The mechanical properties were assessed by curing the standard prisms (following the EN 196-1 standard, cement/sand = 1:3, W/C= 0.67) under water-saturated conditions in a stainless steel autoclave. The curing process was performed in a temperature range of 90 °C to 200 °C at various hydrothermal curing durations (6–48 h). The results indicated that the curing conditions highly influence the compressive strength evolution of belite cement mortar and the formed mineralogy of hydrates. The highest compressive strength value (exceeded 20 MPa) was obtained at 200 °C, i.e., when the main belite cement mineral was entirely hydrated and recrystallized into 1.13 nm tobermorite. The microstructural evolution and the phase assemblage during the hydrothermal curing were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and differential scanning calorimetry.

Suggested Citation

  • Dovile Rubinaite & Tadas Dambrauskas & Kestutis Baltakys & Raimundas Siauciunas, 2023. "Effect of Hydrothermal Curing on the Hydration and Strength Development of Belite Cement Mortar Containing Industrial Wastes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9802-:d:1174731
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    1. Madlool, N.A. & Saidur, R. & Hossain, M.S. & Rahim, N.A., 2011. "A critical review on energy use and savings in the cement industries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 2042-2060, May.
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