IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i10p7899-d1144850.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Impact of COVID-19 on the Territory and Demographic Processes: A View from Spanish Rural and Urban Areas

Author

Listed:
  • J. Javier Serrano

    (Geography Department, Research Institute of Local Development, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Félix Fajardo

    (Geography Department, Research Institute of Local Development, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

Abstract

The current physiognomy and problems of rural and urban territories in Spain are directly related to the demographic processes linked to the rural exodus of the 1960s. In the year 2020, a new problem and/or conditioning factor arose, COVID-19, which has modified dynamics, routines, and aspects of the daily life of the population. The objectives of this research are to check whether there are differences in the effect of COVID-19 between urban and rural municipalities and, in turn, to analyse the demographic dynamics of the population between 2020 and 2022, as well as territorial distribution patterns. To this end, population data were extracted from the Population Register and Residential Variation data for the period 2010 and 2022 and demographic and statistical calculations (Student’s t -test and Pearson’s correlation) were carried out. Among the main results, it is observed that COVID-19 has less of an effect in Spanish rural areas. Moreover, these areas show a positive demographic trend for the period 2020–2022. Population growth has had a direct influence on the improvement of demographic data, although with differences according to autonomous communities. This fact represents a break in the trend in rural areas, but is beginning to show signs of exhaustion and a return to the pre-pandemic trend.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Javier Serrano & Félix Fajardo, 2023. "Impact of COVID-19 on the Territory and Demographic Processes: A View from Spanish Rural and Urban Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-27, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:10:p:7899-:d:1144850
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/10/7899/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/10/7899/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Andrés Rodríguez‐Pose & Chiara Burlina, 2021. "Institutions and the uneven geography of the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 728-752, September.
    2. Max Nathan & Henry Overman, 2020. "Will coronavirus cause a big city exodus?," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 47(9), pages 1537-1542, November.
    3. George J. Borjas, 2020. "Demographic Determinants of Testing Incidence and COVID-19 Infections in New York City Neighborhoods," NBER Working Papers 26952, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Hanna Elisabet Åberg & Simona Tondelli, 2021. "Escape to the Country: A Reaction-Driven Rural Renaissance on a Swedish Island Post COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-16, November.
    5. Irune Ruiz-Martínez & Javier Esparcia, 2020. "Internet Access in Rural Areas: Brake or Stimulus as Post-Covid-19 Opportunity?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-17, November.
    6. Haruka Kato & Atsushi Takizawa, 2022. "Impact of the Urban Exodus Triggered by the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Shrinking Cities of the Osaka Metropolitan Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-13, January.
    7. Miyu Komaki & Haruka Kato & Daisuke Matsushita, 2023. "Why Did Urban Exodus Occur during the COVID-19 Pandemic from the Perspective of Residential Preference of Each Type of Household? Case of Japanese Metropolitan Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-19, February.
    8. Jayson S. Jia & Xin Lu & Yun Yuan & Ge Xu & Jianmin Jia & Nicholas A. Christakis, 2020. "Population flow drives spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 in China," Nature, Nature, vol. 582(7812), pages 389-394, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Behnam Asadieh & Paulina Maria Neisch, 2024. "From the City to the Suburb: City Dynamics in the Time of a Polycrisis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-18, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dasgupta,Susmita & Wheeler,David R., 2020. "Modeling and Predicting the Spread of Covid-19: Comparative Results for the United States, thePhilippines, and South Africa," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9419, The World Bank.
    2. Rink, Dieter & Haase, Annegret & Leibert, Tim & Wolff, Manuel, 2022. "COVID-19 als Ursache temporärer Schrumpfung: Zur Einwohnerentwicklung der 15 größten deutschen Städte im Jahr 2021," UFZ Discussion Papers 5/2022, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Division of Social Sciences (ÖKUS).
    3. Jonathan Muringani & Rune Dahl Fitjar & Andrés Rodríguez-Pose, 2024. "Political trust and economic development in European regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 73(4), pages 2059-2089, December.
    4. Brandily, Paul & Brébion, Clément & Briole, Simon & Khoury, Laura, 2021. "A poorly understood disease? The impact of COVID-19 on the income gradient in mortality over the course of the pandemic," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    5. Wang, Peipei & Zheng, Xinqi & Chen, Yuanming & Xu, Yazhou, 2024. "A novel spatio-temporal prediction model of epidemic spread integrating cellular automata with agent-based modeling," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 189(P1).
    6. Andrés Rodríguez‐Pose & Chiara Burlina, 2021. "Institutions and the uneven geography of the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 728-752, September.
    7. Alfano, Vincenzo, 2024. "Unlocking the importance of perceived governance: The impact on COVID-19 in NUTS-2 European regions," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    8. Wang, Peipei & Liu, Haiyan & Zheng, Xinqi & Ma, Ruifang, 2023. "A new method for spatio-temporal transmission prediction of COVID-19," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    9. Bergeaud, Antonin & Eyméoud, Jean-Benoît & Garcia, Thomas & Henricot, Dorian, 2023. "Working from home and corporate real estate," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    10. van Vuuren, Aico, 2022. "Is There a Diminishing Value of Urban Amenities as a Result of the COVID-19 Pandemic?," IZA Discussion Papers 15025, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Gilles Dufrénot & Ewen Gallic & Pierre Michel & Norgile Midopkè Bonou & Ségui Gnaba & Iness Slaoui, 2024. "Impact of socioeconomic determinants on the speed of epidemic diseases: a comparative analysis," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 76(4), pages 1089-1107.
    12. Miyu Komaki & Haruka Kato & Daisuke Matsushita, 2023. "Why Did Urban Exodus Occur during the COVID-19 Pandemic from the Perspective of Residential Preference of Each Type of Household? Case of Japanese Metropolitan Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-19, February.
    13. Badi H. Baltagi & Ying Deng & Jing Li & Zhenlin Yang, 2023. "Cities in a pandemic: Evidence from China," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 63(2), pages 379-408, March.
    14. Chad Cotti & Bryan Engelhardt & Joshua Foster & Erik Nesson & Paul Niekamp, 2021. "The relationship between in‐person voting and COVID‐19: Evidence from the Wisconsin primary," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 39(4), pages 760-777, October.
    15. X. Angela Yao & Andrew Crooks & Bin Jiang & Jukka Krisp & Xintao Liu & Haosheng Huang, 2023. "An overview of urban analytical approaches to combating the Covid-19 pandemic," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 50(5), pages 1133-1143, June.
    16. Nicholas W. Papageorge & Matthew V. Zahn & Michèle Belot & Eline Broek-Altenburg & Syngjoo Choi & Julian C. Jamison & Egon Tripodi, 2021. "Socio-demographic factors associated with self-protecting behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 34(2), pages 691-738, April.
    17. Silke Hamann & Annekatrin Niebuhr & Duncan Roth & Georg Sieglen, 2023. "How does the Covid‐19 pandemic affect regional labor markets and why do large cities suffer most?," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 63(5), pages 1228-1250, November.
    18. David Nelson & Samuel Cooke & Ben McLeod & Agnes Nanyonjo & Ros Kane & Mark Gussy, 2022. "A Rapid Systematic Review on the Experiences of Cancer Survivors Residing in Rural Areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-17, December.
    19. Yin Huang & Runda Liu & Shumin Huang & Gege Yang & Xiaofan Zhang & Yin Qin & Lisha Mao & Sishi Sheng & Biao Huang, 2021. "Imbalance and breakout in the post-epidemic era: Research into the spatial patterns of freight demand network in six provinces of central China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(4), pages 1-18, April.
    20. Chen, Xi & Qiu, Yun & Shi, Wei & Yu, Pei, 2022. "Key links in network interactions: Assessing route-specific travel restrictions in China during the Covid-19 pandemic," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:10:p:7899-:d:1144850. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.