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A Battery-Free Sustainable Powertrain Solution for Hydrogen Fuel Cell City Transit Bus Application

Author

Listed:
  • Giuseppe Fabri

    (Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Via Gronchi, 18, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Antonio Ometto

    (Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Via Gronchi, 18, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Marco Villani

    (Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Via Gronchi, 18, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Gino D’Ovidio

    (Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, Via Gronchi, 18, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

Abstract

The paper presents a sustainable electric powertrain for a transit city bus featuring an electrochemical battery-free power unit consisting of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a kinetic energy storage system based on high-speed flywheels. A rare-earth free high-efficiency motor technology is adopted to pursue a more sustainable vehicle architecture by limiting the use of critical raw materials. A suitable dynamic energetic model of the full vehicle powertrain has been developed to investigate the feasibility of the traction system and the related energy management control strategy. The model includes losses characterisation, as a function of the load, of the main components of the powertrain by using experimental tests and literature data. The performance of the proposed solution is evaluated by simulating a vehicle mission on an urban path in real traffic conditions. Considerations about the effectiveness of the traction system are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuseppe Fabri & Antonio Ometto & Marco Villani & Gino D’Ovidio, 2022. "A Battery-Free Sustainable Powertrain Solution for Hydrogen Fuel Cell City Transit Bus Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5401-:d:806290
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aldo Canova & Federico Campanelli & Michele Quercio, 2022. "Flywheel Energy Storage System in Italian Regional Transport Railways: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Jiansong Li & Jiyun Zhao & Xiaochun Zhang, 2020. "A Novel Energy Recovery System Integrating Flywheel and Flow Regeneration for a Hydraulic Excavator Boom System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-25, January.
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    6. Magnus Hedlund & Johan Lundin & Juan De Santiago & Johan Abrahamsson & Hans Bernhoff, 2015. "Flywheel Energy Storage for Automotive Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-28, September.
    7. Gino D’Ovidio & Antonio Ometto & Carlo Villante, 2020. "A Novel Optimal Power Control for a City Transit Hybrid Bus Equipped with a Partitioned Hydrogen Fuel Cell Stack," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, May.
    8. Noshin Omar & Mohamed Daowd & Omar Hegazy & Grietus Mulder & Jean-Marc Timmermans & Thierry Coosemans & Peter Van den Bossche & Joeri Van Mierlo, 2012. "Standardization Work for BEV and HEV Applications: Critical Appraisal of Recent Traction Battery Documents," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-19, January.
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