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Assessing the Spatial Mapping of Heat Vulnerability under Urban Heat Island (UHI) Effect in the Dhaka Metropolitan Area

Author

Listed:
  • Rakin Abrar

    (Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna 9203, Bangladesh)

  • Showmitra Kumar Sarkar

    (Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna 9203, Bangladesh)

  • Kashfia Tasnim Nishtha

    (Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna 9203, Bangladesh)

  • Swapan Talukdar

    (Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India)

  • Shahfahad

    (Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India)

  • Atiqur Rahman

    (Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India)

  • Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam

    (Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh)

  • Amir Mosavi

    (John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics, Obuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary
    Institute of Information Engineering, Automation and Mathematics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia)

Abstract

The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon gets intensified in the process of urbanization, which increases the vulnerability of urban dwellers to heatwaves. The UHI-induced vulnerability to heatwaves has increased in Bangladesh during past decades. Thus, this study aims to examine the UHI and vulnerability to heatwaves in the city of Dhaka using a heat vulnerability index (HVI). The HVI is constructed using various demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental risk variables at thana level. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the 26 normalized variables for each of the 41 thanas of Dhaka to prepare the HVI. Result shows that more than 60% of the city is under built-up areas, while vegetation cover and water bodies are in low proportion. Analysis of HVI shows that the very high- and high-risk zones comprise 6 and 11 thanas, while low- and very low-risk zones comprise only 5 and 8 thanas. The correlation of HVI with variables such as exposure (0.62) and sensitivity (0.80) was found to be highly positive, while adaptive capacity had a negative correlation (−0.26) with the HVI. Findings of this study can be utilized in the mitigation of UHI phenomenon and maintaining the thermal comfort of Dhaka.

Suggested Citation

  • Rakin Abrar & Showmitra Kumar Sarkar & Kashfia Tasnim Nishtha & Swapan Talukdar & Shahfahad & Atiqur Rahman & Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam & Amir Mosavi, 2022. "Assessing the Spatial Mapping of Heat Vulnerability under Urban Heat Island (UHI) Effect in the Dhaka Metropolitan Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:4945-:d:798261
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