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Determination of Properties of Loose and Granulated Organic Fertilizers and Qualitative Assessment of Fertilizer Spreading

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  • Raimonda Zinkevičienė

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Faculty of Engineering, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53362 Akademija, Lithuania)

  • Eglė Jotautienė

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Faculty of Engineering, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53362 Akademija, Lithuania)

  • Algirdas Jasinskas

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Faculty of Engineering, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53362 Akademija, Lithuania)

  • Zita Kriaučiūnienė

    (Department of Agroecosystems and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53361 Akademija, Lithuania)

  • Kristina Lekavičienė

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Faculty of Engineering, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53362 Akademija, Lithuania)

  • Vilma Naujokienė

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Faculty of Engineering, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53362 Akademija, Lithuania)

  • Egidijus Šarauskis

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Faculty of Engineering, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53362 Akademija, Lithuania)

Abstract

Precise and environmentally friendly fertilization is one of the most effective agrotechnical measures to improve crop yield, crop quality, and environmental sustainability. The aim of this study was to determine the uniformity of spreading of organic fertilizers on the soil surface at different flows by evaluating the influence of the physical and mechanical properties of the fertilizers. The physical properties of organic fertilizers have been found to have a significant impact on the uniformity of fertilizer distribution. The investigation of fertilizer properties showed that the average moisture content of meat and bone meal granular fertilizers was 8.6 ± 0.2%, of cattle manure granular fertilizers—14.9 ± 1.5%, of dry lime—9.4 ± 0.1%, of wet lime—17.0 ± 1.1%, and of manure—66.7 ± 6.9%. It was found that the granules of cattle manure were more evenly spread on the soil surface (Gaussian coefficient 0.46) than the granules of meat and bone meal (g 2 = 7.11). At the same time, manure was found to be most evenly distributed on the soil when dry lime was spread more evenly than wet. Simultaneously, it was revealed that the physical properties of the fertilizer, such as higher moisture, lower mass, granule length, and width, affected the uniformity of fertilizer distribution on the soil surface.

Suggested Citation

  • Raimonda Zinkevičienė & Eglė Jotautienė & Algirdas Jasinskas & Zita Kriaučiūnienė & Kristina Lekavičienė & Vilma Naujokienė & Egidijus Šarauskis, 2022. "Determination of Properties of Loose and Granulated Organic Fertilizers and Qualitative Assessment of Fertilizer Spreading," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:7:p:4355-:d:788054
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar & Sarsaiya, Surendra & Wainaina, Steven & Rajendran, Karthik & Kumar, Sumit & Quan, Wang & Duan, Yumin & Awasthi, Sanjeev Kumar & Chen, Hongyu & Pandey, Ashok & Zhang, Zengqiang , 2019. "A critical review of organic manure biorefinery models toward sustainable circular bioeconomy: Technological challenges, advancements, innovations, and future perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 115-131.
    2. Tang, Pan & Li, Hong & Issaka, Zakaria & Chen, Chao, 2018. "Effect of manifold layout and fertilizer solution concentration on fertilization and flushing times and uniformity of drip irrigation systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 71-79.
    3. Athanasios T. Balafoutis & Stefanos Koundouras & Evangelos Anastasiou & Spyros Fountas & Konstantinos Arvanitis, 2017. "Life Cycle Assessment of Two Vineyards after the Application of Precision Viticulture Techniques: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-19, November.
    4. Kit Wayne Chew & Shir Reen Chia & Hong-Wei Yen & Saifuddin Nomanbhay & Yeek-Chia Ho & Pau Loke Show, 2019. "Transformation of Biomass Waste into Sustainable Organic Fertilizers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-19, April.
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    1. Vaidas Bivainis & Eglė Jotautienė & Kristina Lekavičienė & Ramūnas Mieldažys & Gražvydas Juodišius, 2023. "Theoretical and Experimental Verification of Organic Granular Fertilizer Spreading," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, May.

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