IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i22p14758-d967643.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Risk Perception in the Post COVID-19 Pandemic Era: An Analysis of Tourist Accommodation and Travel Behavior in the New Normal Era

Author

Listed:
  • Noveri Maulana

    (Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen PPM (PPM School of Management), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
    Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia)

  • Rifelly Dewi Astuti

    (Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia)

  • Hariyadi B. Sukamdani

    (Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
    Indonesian Hotel and Restaurant Association (IHRA/PHRI), Jakarta 10220, Indonesia)

  • Prijono Tjiptoherijanto

    (Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia)

Abstract

After two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, research on travel risk perception has been dominated by the study of health risks as a significant factor that influences tourists’ purchase behavior toward tourism and hospitality products, such as accommodation selection. However, research on other travel-risk-related factors remains limited. This study aimed to fill this gap in the literature. Through exploratory factor analysis, the study explored various risk perception factors toward staying in tourist accommodation among tourists during the easing of travel restrictions in Indonesia. Through a survey of 411 foreign and domestic tourists, the study identified 22 risk items and categorized the items into the following 5 dimensions of risk perception: potential loss risk (six items, 39.9% variance), psychological risk (five items, 9.1% variance), health risk (four items, 5.7% variance), social risk (three items, 5.3% variance), and financial risk (four items, 4.7% variance). This study is one of the few studies on risk perception that proposes a multi-dimensional approach rather than a single-dimension approach to risk perception in the hospitality context. These findings may enhance the literature on travel risk perception amidst the crisis and contribute to tourism recovery strategies in the post-pandemic era.

Suggested Citation

  • Noveri Maulana & Rifelly Dewi Astuti & Hariyadi B. Sukamdani & Prijono Tjiptoherijanto, 2022. "Risk Perception in the Post COVID-19 Pandemic Era: An Analysis of Tourist Accommodation and Travel Behavior in the New Normal Era," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:22:p:14758-:d:967643
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/22/14758/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/22/14758/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. José Antonio Donaire & Núria Galí & Raquel Camprubi, 2021. "Empty Summer: International Tourist Behavior in Spain during COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Yanjing Gao & Lijun Chen, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 Risk Perception on Residents’ Behavioural Intention towards Forest Therapy Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-18, September.
    3. Heesup Han & Amr Al-Ansi & Bee-Lia Chua & Beenish Tariq & Aleksandar Radic & Su-hyun Park, 2020. "The Post-Coronavirus World in the International Tourism Industry: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Safer Destination Choices in the Case of US Outbound Tourism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-15, September.
    4. Maja Turnšek & Mitja Gorenak & Boštjan Brumen & Janez Mekinc & Marjetka Rangus & Tanja Lešnik Štuhec, 2020. "Perceived Threat of COVID-19 and Future Travel Avoidance: Results from an Early Convenient Sample in Slovenia," Academica Turistica - Tourism and Innovation Journal, University of Primorska Press, vol. 13(1), pages 3-19.
    5. Heesup Han & Chen Che & Sanghyeop Lee, 2021. "Facilitators and Reducers of Korean Travelers’ Avoidance/Hesitation Behaviors toward China in the Case of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-13, November.
    6. Karl, Marion & Kock, Florian & Ritchie, Brent W. & Gauss, Jana, 2021. "Affective forecasting and travel decision-making: An investigation in times of a pandemic," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    7. Maja Turnšek & Mitja Gorenak & Boštjan Brumen & Janez Mekinc & Marjetka Rangus & Tanja Lešnik Štuhec, 2020. "Perceived Threat of COVID-19 and Future Travel Avoidance: Results from an Early Convenient Sample in Slovenia," Academica Turistica - Tourism and Innovation Journal, University of Primorska Press, vol. 13(1), pages 3-19.
    8. Zhang, Ke & Hou, Yuansi & Li, Gang, 2020. "Threat of infectious disease during an outbreak: Influence on tourists' emotional responses to disadvantaged price inequality," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    9. Khansa Zaman & Sajid Bashir & Zahra Afaq & Naimah Khan, 2022. "Covid-19 Risk Perception of Travel Destination Development and Validation of a Scale," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(1), pages 21582440221, February.
    10. Xin Chen & Zhen-feng Cheng & Gyu-Bae Kim, 2020. "Make It Memorable: Tourism Experience, Fun, Recommendation and Revisit Intentions of Chinese Outbound Tourists," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-24, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wei Quan & Jichul Jang & Aleksandar Radic & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Heesup Han, 2023. "Safe Destination Choice Among Tourism-Product Consumers in the New Era of Tourism," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, October.
    2. Marko Perić & Vanja Vitezić, 2021. "Tourism Getting Back to Life after COVID-19: Can Artificial Intelligence Help?," Societies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Sharon, Teitler Regev & Shahrabani, Shosh, 2021. "Health precautions while traveling after COVID-19," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 7, pages 68-73.
    4. Hélder da Silva Lopes & Paula C. Remoaldo & Vitor Ribeiro & Javier Martín-Vide, 2021. "Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourist Risk Perceptions—The Case Study of Porto," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-29, June.
    5. Ana Chersulich Tomino & Marko Periæ, 2022. "Sport-Tourism Running Events in the Post-COVID-19 World: Any Sign of Change?," Academica Turistica - Tourism and Innovation Journal, University of Primorska Press, vol. 15(1), pages 135-147.
    6. José F Baños-Pino & David Boto-García & Eduardo Del Valle & Inés Sustacha, 2023. "The impact of COVID-19 on tourists’ length of stay and daily expenditures," Tourism Economics, , vol. 29(2), pages 437-459, March.
    7. Thowayeb H. Hassan & Amany E. Salem, 2021. "The Importance of Safety and Security Measures at Sharm El Sheikh Airport and Their Impact on Travel Decisions after Restarting Aviation during the COVID-19 Outbreak," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, May.
    8. Wojciech Trzebiński & Radosław Baran & Beata Marciniak, 2021. "Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Make Consumers Shop Alone? The Role of Emotions and Interdependent Self-Construal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-16, June.
    9. Wang, Siqi & Cheah, Jun-Hwa & Lim, Xin-Jean & Leong, Yee Choy & Choo, Wei Chong, 2022. "Thanks COVID-19, I'll reconsider my purchase: Can fear appeal reduce online shopping cart abandonment?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    10. Chaojun Li & Xinjia Huang, 2022. "How Does COVID-19 Risk Perception Affect Wellness Tourist Intention: Findings on Chinese Generation Z," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    11. Andrzej Dudek & Daria Jaremen & Izabela Michalska-Dudek & Marek Walesiak, 2021. "Analysis of Changes in Shopping Behaviour of Package Holidays Purchasers Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 3), pages 691-707.
    12. Wen, Tong & Leung, Xi Y. & Li, Bin & Hu, Lingyan, 2021. "Examining framing effect in travel package purchase: An application of double-entry mental accounting theory," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    13. Yunfan Wu & Keita Kinoshita & Yi Zhang & Rena Kagami & Shintaro Sato, 2022. "Influence of COVID-19 Crisis on Motivation and Hiking Intention of Gen Z in China: Perceived Risk and Coping Appraisal as Moderators," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-21, April.
    14. Dimin Wang & Ying Chen & Jovanie Tuguinay & Jessica J. Yuan, 2023. "The Influence of Perceived Risks and Behavioral Intention: The Case of Chinese International Students," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(2), pages 21582440231, June.
    15. Andreas Strebinger & Horst Treiblmaier, 2022. "Profiling early adopters of blockchain-based hotel booking applications: demographic, psychographic, and service-related factors," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 1-30, March.
    16. Davide Provenzano & Serena Volo, 2022. "Tourism recovery amid COVID-19: The case of Lombardy, Italy," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(1), pages 110-130, February.
    17. Martina Aronica & Pietro Pizzuto & Caterina Sciortino, 2022. "COVID‐19 and tourism: What can we learn from the past?," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(2), pages 430-444, February.
    18. Francesco Aiello & Graziella Bonanno & Francesco Foglia, 2022. "On the choice of accommodation type at the time of Covid-19. Some evidence from the Italian tourism sector," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(1), pages 41-45, January.
    19. Salesi, Vinolia Kilinaivoni & Kan Tsui, Wai Hong & Fu, Xiaowen & Gilbey, Andrew, 2022. "Strategies for South Pacific Region to address future pandemics: Implications for the aviation and tourism sectors based on a systematic literature review (2010–2021)," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 107-126.
    20. Yang, Yang & Zhang, Carol X. & Rickly, Jillian M., 2021. "A review of early COVID-19 research in tourism: Launching the Annals of Tourism Research's Curated Collection on coronavirus and tourism1," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:22:p:14758-:d:967643. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.