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Highway Network and Fire Occurrence in Amazonian Indigenous Lands

Author

Listed:
  • Carlos F. A. Silva

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Avenida da Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, PE, Brazil)

  • Swanni T. Alvarado

    (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, Natureza e Dinâmica do Espaço, State University of Maranhão, Avenida Lourenço Vieira da Silva, Jardim São Cristóvão, São Luís CEP 65055-310, MA, Brazil
    Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Ambiente, State University of Maranhão, Praça Gonçalves Dias, Balsas 65800-000, MA, Brazil)

  • Alex M. Santos

    (Center of Agroforestry Sciences and Technologies, Federal University of Southern Bahia, Rodovia Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 22, Itabuna 45604-811, BA, Brazil)

  • Maurício O. Andrade

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Avenida da Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, PE, Brazil)

  • Silas N. Melo

    (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, Natureza e Dinâmica do Espaço, State University of Maranhão, Avenida Lourenço Vieira da Silva, Jardim São Cristóvão, São Luís CEP 65055-310, MA, Brazil
    Department of Geography, State University of Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Paulo VI, São Luís 65055-000, MA, Brazil)

Abstract

The construction and expansion of highways aiming to improve the integration of the most isolated regions in Brazil facilitated the access to many inhabited areas in the Amazon biome, but had as a consequence assisted the degradation of many of these regions. Over the last two decades, we have observed in this biome a gradual diversification and intensification of land uses through vegetation loss and an increase in fire associated with deforestation and an increase in grazing areas. We used data from several active fires products derived from 14 different satellites, available on the Brazilian National Institute for Space Research (INPE). We evaluated the influence of highway infrastructure on fire occurrence inside and around Indigenous Lands (IL) located in the Brazilian Amazon biome, from 2008 to 2021. We classified 332 ILs into “cut by highways”, “without highways”, and “with highways in a 10 km buffer”. We performed: (a) the descriptive statistics of the fire occurrence by state, by season, and by type of land use and land cover (LULC) affected by fire; (b) the spatial distribution of the active fire density; and (c) a simple linear regression model between the fire occurrence and the IL area. Our results showed that in total, 16–46% of the fires occurred within the IL in most of the states, while the 10 km buffer was the region most affected by fire. We confirmed that in the last three years there was a significant increase in the number of active fires, representing anomalies in fire occurrence across the studied period. We discussed the result implications and the role of the highway network in environmental degradation inside and around the ILs located in the Brazilian Amazon.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos F. A. Silva & Swanni T. Alvarado & Alex M. Santos & Maurício O. Andrade & Silas N. Melo, 2022. "Highway Network and Fire Occurrence in Amazonian Indigenous Lands," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:15:p:9167-:d:872260
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ana C. Rorato & Michelle C. A. Picoli & Judith A. Verstegen & Gilberto Camara & Francisco Gilney Silva Bezerra & Maria Isabel S. Escada, 2021. "Environmental Threats over Amazonian Indigenous Lands," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-28, March.
    2. Luiz E. O. C. Aragão & Liana O. Anderson & Marisa G. Fonseca & Thais M. Rosan & Laura B. Vedovato & Fabien H. Wagner & Camila V. J. Silva & Celso H. L. Silva Junior & Egidio Arai & Ana P. Aguiar & Jos, 2018. "21st Century drought-related fires counteract the decline of Amazon deforestation carbon emissions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Conceição, Katyanne V. & Chaves, Michel E.D. & Picoli, Michelle C.A. & Sánchez, Alber H. & Soares, Anderson R. & Mataveli, Guilherme A.V. & Silva, Daniel E. & Costa, Joelma S. & Camara, Gilberto, 2021. "Government policies endanger the indigenous peoples of the Brazilian Amazon," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    4. Saulo de Oliveira Folharini & Silas Nogueira de Melo & Stephen R. Cameron, 2022. "Effect of protected areas on forest crimes in Brazil," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 65(2), pages 272-287, January.
    5. Lima, Mendelson & Vale, Joine Cariele Evangelista do & Costa, Gerlane de Medeiros & Santos, Reginaldo Carvalho dos & Correia Filho, Washington Luiz Félix & Gois, Givanildo & Oliveira-Junior, José Fran, 2020. "The forests in the indigenous lands in Brazil in peril," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    6. BenYishay, Ariel & Heuser, Silke & Runfola, Daniel & Trichler, Rachel, 2017. "Indigenous land rights and deforestation: Evidence from the Brazilian Amazon," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 29-47.
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