IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i14p8728-d864424.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Proposal for a Framework to Develop Sustainable Tourism on the Santurbán Moor, Colombia, as an Alternative Source of Income between Environmental Sustainability and Mining

Author

Listed:
  • Marco Fidel Flórez

    (Programa de Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad de Investigación y Desarrollo (UDI), Bucaramanga 680001, Colombia)

  • Jhon Fredys Linares

    (Programa de Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad de Investigación y Desarrollo (UDI), Bucaramanga 680001, Colombia)

  • Eduardo Carrillo

    (Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia)

  • Francisco Milton Mendes

    (Postgraduate Program in Computer Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoro 59625-900, Brazil)

  • Bruno de Sousa

    (Postgraduate Program in Computer Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoro 59625-900, Brazil)

Abstract

The main goal of this paper was to propose a program to develop sustainable tourism at Santurbán moor in Colombia. This would open new paths toward economic growth for the communities inhabiting this sector who are currently facing a serious dilemma. First, the moor is an area of vital importance to the sustainability of more than two million people, who depend on water generated in the area. On the other hand, this land contains great mineral wealth and agricultural resources. This has generated an already long-lasting conflict of interest between environment conservation and the possible economic exploitation of the Santurbán moor through industrial mining. To this end, we conducted bibliographic research on sustainable tourism, specifically with scientific ends, that considered the potential of this area for its implementation. Prospective methodology was applied, beginning with the selection of a panel of experts to identify the most important external and internal variables that could affect the area. Then, Impact Matrix Cross-Reference Multiplication Applied to a Classification (MICMAC) software was used to identify the correlation between the different actors and their possible contributions. As a result of this research, a proposal is presented that is focused on the needs of the community living in the area, as supported by science and the academic community, and by the use of Industry 4.0 and related new technologies. This strategy could be used in other protected areas in Colombia, or throughout the world, that are currently being visited by tourists who, maybe unwillingly, are actually putting the sustainability of these areas at risk. In the future, this strategy will be consolidated and will lead to technological applications. This will allow tourists to enjoy protected places without threatening the conservation of these habitats.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Fidel Flórez & Jhon Fredys Linares & Eduardo Carrillo & Francisco Milton Mendes & Bruno de Sousa, 2022. "Proposal for a Framework to Develop Sustainable Tourism on the Santurbán Moor, Colombia, as an Alternative Source of Income between Environmental Sustainability and Mining," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-25, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8728-:d:864424
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/14/8728/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/14/8728/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alex Vinicio Gavilanes Montoya & José Fernando Esparza Parra & Carlos Renato Chávez Velásquez & Paúl Eduardo Tito Guanuche & Grace Maribel Parra Vintimilla & Carlos Mestanza-Ramón & Danny Daniel Casti, 2021. "A Nature Tourism Route through GIS to Improve the Visibility of the Natural Resources of the Altar Volcano, Sangay National Park, Ecuador," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-20, August.
    2. Cai Li & Naveed Ahmed & Sikandar Ali Qalati & Asadullah Khan & Shumaila Naz, 2020. "Role of Business Incubators as a Tool for Entrepreneurship Development: The Mediating and Moderating Role of Business Start-Up and Government Regulations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-23, February.
    3. Yi Guo & Jinbo Jiang & Shengchao Li, 2019. "A Sustainable Tourism Policy Research Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-16, June.
    4. Fabien Bourlon & Trace Gale & Andrés Adiego & Valentina Álvarez-Barra & Alexandra Salazar, 2021. "Grounding Sustainable Tourism in Science—A Geographic Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-22, July.
    5. Wang, Weiye & Liu, Jinlong & Innes, John L., 2019. "Conservation equity for local communities in the process of tourism development in protected areas: A study of Jiuzhaigou Biosphere Reserve, China," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Flostrand, Andrew & Pitt, Leyland & Bridson, Shannon, 2020. "The Delphi technique in forecasting– A 42-year bibliographic analysis (1975–2017)," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    7. Marco Haid & Julia N. Albrecht, 2021. "Sustainable Tourism Product Development: An Application of Product Design Concepts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-16, July.
    8. Fabien Bourlon & Robinson Torres, 2016. "Scientific tourism a tool for tourism development in Patagonia [El turismo científico, una herramienta para el desarrollo en la Patagonia]," Post-Print hal-01954694, HAL.
    9. Lea Hannola & Alexander Richter & Shahper Richter & Alexander Stocker, 2018. "Empowering production workers with digitally facilitated knowledge processes – a conceptual framework," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(14), pages 4729-4743, July.
    10. Bibiana Duarte-Abadía & Rutgerd Boelens, 2016. "Disputes over territorial boundaries and diverging valuation languages: the Santurban hydrosocial highlands territory in Colombia," Water International, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(1), pages 15-36, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Abdullah Uslu & Emrullah Erul & José António C. Santos & Sanja Obradović & Margarida Custódio Santos, 2023. "Determinants of Residents’ Support for Sustainable Tourism Development: An Empirical Study in Midyat, Turkey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-14, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yao Zhu & Shousheng Chai & Jieqi Chen & Ian Phau, 2024. "How was rural tourism developed in China? Examining the impact of China’s evolving rural tourism policies," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(11), pages 28945-28969, November.
    2. Setiawan Priatmoko & Moaaz Kabil & Ali Akaak & Zoltán Lakner & Csaba Gyuricza & Lóránt Dénes Dávid, 2023. "Understanding the Complexity of Rural Tourism Business: Scholarly Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-21, January.
    3. Suno Wu, Jenny & Barbrook-Johnson, Pete & Font, Xavier, 2021. "Participatory complexity in tourism policy: Understanding sustainability programmes with participatory systems mapping," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    4. Sasipin Distanont & Watsatree Diteeyont & Orapan Khongmalai & Anyanitha Distanont, 2023. "Blended Training Model for Thai SMEs," Economic, Social and Environmental Sustainability; The Role of Technology and Political Dialogue,, ToKnowPress.
    5. Ruth Zárate Rueda & Yolima Ivonne Beltrán Villamizar & Luis Eduardo Becerra Ardila, 2023. "Neo-Extractivism and Formalization of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining—The Case of the Santurbán Moorland (Colombia)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-16, July.
    6. Marek Jóźwiak, 2025. "Managing Consumer Attention to Sustainability Cues in Tourism Advertising: Insights from Eye-Tracking Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-20, September.
    7. Kathleen L. Andereck & Christine A. Vogt, 2025. "Effect of Community Place Qualities on Place Value in a Destination," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-19, May.
    8. Shivani Shivhare & V. Shunmugasundaram, 2024. "How Government, Social and Personnel Support Leverage the Sustainability in Start-ups: The Moderating Role of Board Gender Diversity," Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, , vol. 17(2), pages 300-327, December.
    9. Qiujin Chen & Yuqi Zhang & Yin Zhang & Mingliang Kong, 2022. "Examining Social Equity in the Co-Management of Terrestrial Protected Areas: Perceived Fairness of Local Communities in Giant Panda National Park, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-17, September.
    10. Heidemann, Gerrit & Schmidt, Sascha L. & von der Gracht, Heiko A. & Beiderbeck, Daniel, 2024. "The impact of the metaverse on the future business of professional football clubs – A prospective study," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    11. Jin-Chun Huang & Jian Wang & Qiang Nong & Jin-Fei Xu, 2023. "Using a Modified DANP-mV Model to Explore the Improvement Strategy for Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-17, January.
    12. Prakhar Prakhar & Rachana Jaiswal & Shashank Gupta & Syed Zamberi Ahmad & Patrice Piccardi & Gabriele Santoro, 2025. "How can we improve entrepreneurial dynamics in electric vehicle manufacturing for a sustainable future: insights using a deep learning-based hybrid PLS-SEM-ANN approach," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 1-45, December.
    13. Aboal, Diego & Crespi, Gustavo & Perera, Marcelo, 2020. "How effective are cluster development policies? Evidence from Uruguay," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 18(C).
    14. Liang, Wenyuan & Arts, Bas & Zinda, John Aloysius & Dong, Jiayun, 2024. "Justice and injustice under authoritarian environmentalism: Investigating tensions between forestland property rights and environmental conservation in China," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    15. José Ruiz-Meza & Julio Brito & Jairo R. Montoya-Torres, 2021. "Multi-Objective Fuzzy Tourist Trip Design Problem with Heterogeneous Preferences and Sustainable Itineraries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-22, August.
    16. Lina Moros & Maria Alejandra VÔøΩlez & Alexander Pfaff & Daniela Quintero, 2020. "Effects of Ending Payments for Ecosystem Services: removal does not crowd prior conservation out," Documentos CEDE 18590, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    17. Joachim Josef Nigg & Sarah Eichelberger, 2021. "Sustainable Product Development for Accessible Tourism: Case Studies Demonstrating the Need for Stakeholder Collaboration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-13, October.
    18. Phallapa Petison & Sooksan Kantabutra, 2022. "A Quest for a Sustainable Social Enterprise Model: The Case of Amphawa Chaipattananurak, the Kingdom of Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-31, December.
    19. Mazaheri, Maryam & Bonnin Roca, Jaime & Markus, Arjan & Tur, Elena M. & Walrave, Bob, 2024. "Maturity assessment of green patent clusters: Methodological implications," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    20. Geissler, Dominik & Beiderbeck, Daniel & Schmidt, Sascha L. & Schreyer, Dominik, 2024. "Emerging technologies and shifting consumer motives: Projecting the future of the top-tier sports media product," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8728-:d:864424. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.