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How Does the Social Support Affect Refugees’ Life Satisfaction in Turkey? Stress as a Mediator, Social Aids and Coronavirus Anxiety as Moderators

Author

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  • Eymen Ekmen

    (Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul Arel University, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey)

  • Orhan Koçak

    (Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul University—Cerrahpasa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey)

  • Umut Solmaz

    (Seben Izzet Baysal Vocational School, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Turkey)

  • Koray Kopuz

    (Niğde Zübeyde Hanım School of Health, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51100 Niğde, Turkey)

  • Mustafa Z. Younis

    (College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, 350 W. Woodrow Wilson Dr., Jackson, MS 39213, USA)

  • Deniz Orman

    (Çınarcık Vocational School, Yalova University, 77100 Yalova, Turkey)

Abstract

The number of refugees has increased exponentially due to international crises, wars, and political pressures in recent years worldwide. Turkey hosts the largest refugee population in the world with 3,672,646 Syrian refugees. This study aimed to examine the relationship among refugees’ stress, life satisfaction, social support, coronavirus anxiety, and social aids they get during the COVID-19 process. We hypothesized that stress, social aids, and coronavirus anxiety could play a role in the relationship between life satisfaction, stress, and social support. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from 628 Syrian refugees via an online questionnaire in Turkey. Confirmatory factor, correlation, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. In addition, the moderator and mediator role of variables tested using the 95% bias-corrected confidence interval from 5000 resamples was generated by the bias-corrected bootstrapping method. The study results show that stress partially mediated the relationship between family support and life satisfaction and between friend support and life satisfaction. In addition, coronavirus anxiety had a moderating effect on the relationship between family support and stress and friend support and stress. Finally, social aids moderated the relationship between stress and life satisfaction. In conclusion, the role of social aids, stress, and coronavirus anxiety in the relationship between social support, stress, and life satisfaction has been revealed.

Suggested Citation

  • Eymen Ekmen & Orhan Koçak & Umut Solmaz & Koray Kopuz & Mustafa Z. Younis & Deniz Orman, 2021. "How Does the Social Support Affect Refugees’ Life Satisfaction in Turkey? Stress as a Mediator, Social Aids and Coronavirus Anxiety as Moderators," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12727-:d:681315
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. DeVoretz, Don J. & Pivnenko, Sergiy & Beiser, Morton, 2004. "The Economic Experiences of Refugees in Canada," IZA Discussion Papers 1088, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Paul Frijters & John P. Haisken-DeNew & Michael A. Shields, 2004. "Money Does Matter! Evidence from Increasing Real Income and Life Satisfaction in East Germany Following Reunification," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 94(3), pages 730-740, June.
    3. repec:ces:ifodic:v:13:y:2016:i:4:p:19189885 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Daniel Leithold, 2016. "Asylum in Europe," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 13(4), pages 55-58, 02.
    5. Joyce, Lisa & Liamputtong, Pranee, 2017. "Acculturation stress and social support for young refugees in regional areas," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 18-26.
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    1. Zhiwei Xu & Wanwan Si & Huilin Song & Liang Yao & Kaibiao Xiang & Zhenmin Cheng, 2022. "Empirical Analysis of Population Urbanization and Residents’ Life Satisfaction—Based on 2017 CGSS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, June.

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