IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i22p12606-d679473.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Tourism, Empowerment and Sustainable Development: A New Framework for Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Regina Scheyvens

    (Institute of Development Studies, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand)

  • Heidi van der Watt

    (Institute of Development Studies, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand)

Abstract

For over twenty years, tourism researchers have examined how to determine whether destination communities are being empowered through tourism: there is much we can learn through analysis of that work. We outline and critique the most commonly used empowerment framework in this field as was first published by Scheyvens in 1999, which has four dimensions (psychological, social, economic and political) but which has been adapted and extended in a variety of ways. We also consider two other frameworks, and the application of a revised model in the South African context, before proposing that the Scheyvens framework would be strengthened through the addition of environmental and cultural dimensions. We draw theoretical inspiration from nested circle approaches to sustainable development to embed the dimensions of community empowerment within a series of ‘enabling factors’ that might support possibilities for community empowerment to occur, and, in turn, the empowerment dimensions and enabling factors are situated within a wider circle of the natural environment. We have structured this all into a new Empowerment and Sustainable Development Framework.

Suggested Citation

  • Regina Scheyvens & Heidi van der Watt, 2021. "Tourism, Empowerment and Sustainable Development: A New Framework for Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-19, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12606-:d:679473
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12606/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12606/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Andrea Cornwall & Althea-Maria Rivas, 2015. "From ‘gender equality and ‘women’s empowerment’ to global justice: reclaiming a transformative agenda for gender and development," Third World Quarterly, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(2), pages 396-415, February.
    2. repec:ces:ifodic:v:1:y:2003:i:3:p:14567926 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Rigmar Osterkamp & Markus Eller, 2003. "Functional Decentralisation of Government Activity," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 1(3), pages 36-42, 02.
    4. Kwaramba, Hazel M. & Lovett, Jon C. & Louw, Lynette & Chipumuro, Juliet, 2012. "Emotional confidence levels and success of tourism development for poverty reduction: The South African Kwam eMakana home-stay project," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 885-894.
    5. Reimer, J.K. (Kila) & Walter, Pierre, 2013. "How do you know it when you see it? Community-based ecotourism in the Cardamom Mountains of southwestern Cambodia," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 122-132.
    6. Lemelin, Raynald Harvey & Koster, Rhonda & Youroukos, Nicholina, 2015. "Tangible and intangible indicators of successful aboriginal tourism initiatives: A case study of two successful aboriginal tourism lodges in Northern Canada," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 318-328.
    7. Irma Booyens, 2010. "Rethinking township tourism: Towards responsible tourism development in South African townships," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(2), pages 273-287.
    8. Alan Greenspan, 2002. "Corporate governance," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 3(03), pages 3-6, October.
    9. Coria, Jessica & Calfucura, Enrique, 2012. "Ecotourism and the development of indigenous communities: The good, the bad, and the ugly," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 47-55.
    10. Knight, David W. & Cottrell, Stuart P., 2016. "Evaluating tourism-linked empowerment in Cuzco, Peru," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 32-47.
    11. Altinay, Levent & Sigala, Marianna & Waligo, Victoria, 2016. "Social value creation through tourism enterprise," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 404-417.
    12. Deepa Narayan, 2005. "Measuring Empowerment : Cross Disciplinary Perspectives," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 7441.
    13. Boley, B. Bynum & McGehee, Nancy Gard, 2014. "Measuring empowerment: Developing and validating the Resident Empowerment through Tourism Scale (RETS)," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 85-94.
    14. Boley, B. Bynum & Maruyama, Naho & Woosnam, Kyle M., 2015. "Measuring empowerment in an eastern context: Findings from Japan," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 112-122.
    15. Rigmar Osterkamp & Markus Eller, 2003. "How Decentralised Is Government Activity?," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 1(01), pages 32-35, February.
    16. Rigmar Osterkamp & Markus Eller, 2003. "How Decentralised Is Government Activity?," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 1(1), pages 32-35, 02.
    17. Alsop, Ruth & Heinsohn, Nina, 2005. "Measuring empowerment in practice: structuring analysis and framing indicators," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3510, The World Bank.
    18. Naila Kabeer, 1999. "Resources, Agency, Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women's Empowerment," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 30(3), pages 435-464, July.
    19. Becken, Susanne & Carmignani, Fabrizio, 2020. "Are the current expectations for growing air travel demand realistic?," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    20. repec:ces:ifodic:v:1:y:2003:i:1:p:14567833 is not listed on IDEAS
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lorena Bašan & Ivan Butković & Kristina Črnjar, 2025. "Empowering Gen Z for Engaging in Sustainable Tourism: A ZRETP Model Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-26, September.
    2. Isaac, Rami K. & Farkic, Jelena, 2024. "Walled off: Tourism and justice in oppressed communities," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    3. David Amani & Esther Ernest Mfumbilwa, 2024. "Destination Promotion Videos and Tourism Knowledge: A Road Toward Residents’ Empowerment in Emerging Tourism Destinations," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(3), pages 21582440241, September.
    4. Dorothy Ruth Queiros & Nicolene Conradie & Elricke Botha, 2025. "Non-Formal Education on Sustainable Tourism for Local Stakeholders in the Marico Biosphere Reserve: Effectiveness and Lessons Learned," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-22, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Andy Gouldson & Rory Sullivan, 2014. "Understanding the Governance of Corporations: An Examination of the Factors Shaping UK Supermarket Strategies on Climate Change," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 46(12), pages 2972-2990, December.
    2. Francesco Ramella, 2010. "Negotiating Local Development: The Italian Experience of ‘Territorial Pacts’," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 28(3), pages 512-527, June.
    3. Ardielli Eva, 2019. "Use of TOPSIS Method for Assessing of Good Governance in European Union Countries," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, vol. 19(3), pages 211-231, September.
    4. Alejandro Lara & Felipe Bucci & Cristobal Palma & Juan Munizaga & Victor Montre-Águila, 2021. "Development, urban planning and political decisions. A triad that built territories at risk," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 109(2), pages 1935-1957, November.
    5. Harriet Bulkeley & Andy Jordan, 2012. "Guest Editorial," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 30(4), pages 556-570, August.
    6. Jan Janosch Förster & Linda Downsborough & Lisa Biber-Freudenberger & Girma Kelboro Mensuro & Jan Börner, 2021. "Exploring criteria for transformative policy capacity in the context of South Africa’s biodiversity economy," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 54(1), pages 209-237, March.
    7. Daria Gritsenko & Matthew Wood, 2022. "Algorithmic governance: A modes of governance approach," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(1), pages 45-62, January.
    8. Ma, Yiguan & Chiu, Rebecca L.H., 2018. "Governing rural redevelopment and re-distributing land rights: The case of Tianjin," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 533-546.
    9. Franco-Torres, Manuel & Kvålshaugen, Ragnhild & Ugarelli, Rita M., 2021. "Understanding the governance of urban water services from an institutional logics perspective," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    10. Dwi Amalia Sari & Chris Margules & Han She Lim & Jeffrey A. Sayer & Agni Klintuni Boedhihartono & Colin J. Macgregor & Allan P. Dale & Elizabeth Poon, 2022. "Performance Auditing to Assess the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-24, October.
    11. Tim Flink, 2022. "Taking the pulse of science diplomacy and developing practices of valuation [The Perverse Effects of Competition on Scientists’ Work and Relationships]," Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press, vol. 49(2), pages 191-200.
    12. Juan Yan & Marietta Haffner & Marja Elsinga, 2021. "Inclusionary Housing: An Evaluation of a New Public Rental Housing Governance Instrument in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-17, March.
    13. Perrin, Coline & Nougarèdes, Brigitte & Sini, Laura & Branduini, Paola & Salvati, Luca, 2018. "Governance changes in peri-urban farmland protection following decentralisation: A comparison between Montpellier (France) and Rome (Italy)," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 535-546.
    14. Lange, Marcus & Cummins, Valerie, 2021. "Managing stakeholder perception and engagement for marine energy transitions in a decarbonising world," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    15. Antoinette Laurent & Cécile Chanut-Guieu & Vincent Lhuillier, 2013. "Diversité des opérateurs et gouvernance locale de la petite enfance : quels enjeux pour le développement des territoires, les modes d'organisation des acteurs et la régulation de la qualité ?," Working Papers hal-02958290, HAL.
    16. Andrew Jordan & Rüdiger K. W. Wurzel & Anthony Zito, 2005. "The Rise of ‘New’ Policy Instruments in Comparative Perspective: Has Governance Eclipsed Government?," Political Studies, Political Studies Association, vol. 53(3), pages 477-496, October.
    17. Kooper, M.N. & Maes, R. & Lindgreen, E.E.O. Roos, 2011. "On the governance of information: Introducing a new concept of governance to support the management of information," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 195-200.
    18. Rolien Willmes & Margit van Wessel, 2021. "The Construction of (Non-)Responsibility in Governance Networks," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, July.
    19. Christopher Nathan & Keith Hyams, 2022. "Global policymakers and catastrophic risk," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 55(1), pages 3-21, March.
    20. Stefan Greiving & Dietwald Gruehn & Christa Reicher, 2022. "The Rhenish Coal-Mining Area—Assessing the Transformational Talents and Challenges of a Region in Fundamental Structural Change," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, May.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12606-:d:679473. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.