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Mapping Regional Vulnerability to Energy Poverty in Poland

Author

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  • Lilia Karpinska

    (Department of Microeconomics, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Cracow, Poland)

  • Sławomir Śmiech

    (Department of Statistics, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Cracow, Poland)

  • João Pedro Gouveia

    (CENSE—Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Pedro Palma

    (CENSE—Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal)

Abstract

Raising concerns about the effectiveness of the energy poverty policy actions in Poland, such as Clean Air and Stop Smog, brings forward the need to apply different strategies to identify the energy poor. More than 13.7% of Polish households were energy poor in 2018 according to the ability-to-keep-home-warm indicator. This study proposes enhancing the model-based approach to measure households’ energy poverty. Our goal is to assess regional vulnerability to energy poverty in Poland. The study relies on three national datasets and is conducted in two steps. The Energy Consumption Survey (2018) and the Household Budget Survey (2018) provide data for modeling household’s energy poverty in the first step. The Local Data Bank (2019) gives information on the potential factors increasing regional vulnerability to energy poverty evaluated in the second step. We apply multiple linear regression to identify energy-poor households and principal components analysis to examine the regions’ vulnerability factors. As a result, we produce several maps showing the spatial distribution of vulnerability to energy poverty in 380 Polish districts. Our results indicate that some northern, southern and eastern districts in Poland are primary targets of energy poverty policy actions.

Suggested Citation

  • Lilia Karpinska & Sławomir Śmiech & João Pedro Gouveia & Pedro Palma, 2021. "Mapping Regional Vulnerability to Energy Poverty in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:19:p:10694-:d:643758
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Szpak, Agnieszka & Ostrowski, Szymon, 2025. "Fighting energy poverty: Barcelona and Warsaw in C40's Green New Deal Pilot program," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    4. Anasuya Haldar & Narayan Sethi & Pabitra Kumar Jena & Purna Chandra Padhan, 2023. "Towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 7 in sub‐Saharan Africa: Role of governance and renewable energy," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(4), pages 2446-2463, August.

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