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Life Cycle Assessment of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) Farming in Kenyir Lake, Terengganu

Author

Listed:
  • Hayana Dullah

    (UNITEN R & D Sdn. Bhd. Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • M. A. Malek

    (Institute of Energy Policy and Research (IEPRe), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Marlia M. Hanafiah

    (Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
    Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia)

Abstract

This study presents results from a life cycle assessment (LCA) conducted following the CML-IA method on caged aquaculture of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) species at Como River, Kenyir Lake, Terengganu, Malaysia. In this study, the greenhouse gas (GHG) estimation, calculated based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2006 Guidelines, showed that 245.27 C eq (1.69 Kg) of nitrate oxide (N 2 O) was emitted from the lake. The determination of LCA was conducted using several inputs, namely N 2 O, compositions of fish feed, materials used to build fish cages (infrastructure), main materials used during operation and several databases, namely Agri-footprint, Ecoinvent 3, European Reference Life-Cycle Database (ELCD), and Industry Data 2.0. The results show that feed formulation is the major contributor to potential environmental impact in aquaculture farming, at 55%, followed by infrastructure at 33% and operation at 12%. The feed formulation consisting of 53% broken rice contributed to marine ecotoxicity (MET), while those consisting of 44% fish meal and 33% soybean meal contributed to abiotic depletion (ABD) and global warming (GW), respectively. It is recommended that the percentage of ingredients used in feed formulation in fish farming are further studied to reduce its impacts to the environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Hayana Dullah & M. A. Malek & Marlia M. Hanafiah, 2020. "Life Cycle Assessment of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) Farming in Kenyir Lake, Terengganu," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:6:p:2268-:d:332380
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aziz, Nur Izzah Hamna A. & Hanafiah, Marlia M., 2020. "Life cycle analysis of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 847-857.
    2. Gaspard Philis & Friederike Ziegler & Lars Christian Gansel & Mona Dverdal Jansen & Erik Olav Gracey & Anne Stene, 2019. "Comparing Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Salmonid Aquaculture Production Systems: Status and Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-27, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jesse Sherry & Jennifer Koester, 2020. "Life Cycle Assessment of Aquaculture Stewardship Council Certified Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar )," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Baharuddin Haslawati & Ibrahim Saadiah & Razman Pahri Siti-Dina & Murnira Othman & Mohd Talib Latif, 2022. "Environmental Assessment of Giant Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Farming through Life Cycle Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.
    3. Evangelos Kallitsis & Anna Korre & Dimitris Mousamas & Pavlos Avramidis, 2020. "Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Mediterranean Sea Bass and Sea Bream," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-11, November.

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