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Environmental Assessment of Electrochemical Energy Storage Device Manufacturing to Identify Drivers for Attaining Goals of Sustainable Materials 4.0

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  • Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez

    (Research Centre for Energy Resources and Consumption (CIRCE), Parque Empresarial Dinamiza, Avda. Ranillas 3D, 1a Planta, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIRCE, Fundación CIRCE, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Víctor J. Ferreira

    (Research Centre for Energy Resources and Consumption (CIRCE), Parque Empresarial Dinamiza, Avda. Ranillas 3D, 1a Planta, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIRCE, Fundación CIRCE, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Tatiana García-Armingol

    (Research Centre for Energy Resources and Consumption (CIRCE), Parque Empresarial Dinamiza, Avda. Ranillas 3D, 1a Planta, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIRCE, Fundación CIRCE, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Ana María López-Sabirón

    (Research Centre for Energy Resources and Consumption (CIRCE), Parque Empresarial Dinamiza, Avda. Ranillas 3D, 1a Planta, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIRCE, Fundación CIRCE, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Germán Ferreira

    (Research Centre for Energy Resources and Consumption (CIRCE), Parque Empresarial Dinamiza, Avda. Ranillas 3D, 1a Planta, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIRCE, Fundación CIRCE, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

Abstract

Electricity from the combination of photovoltaic panels and wind turbines exhibits potential benefits towards the sustainable cities transition. Nevertheless, the highly fluctuating and intermittent character limits an extended applicability in the energy market. Particularly, batteries represent a challenging approach to overcome the existing constraints and to achieve sustainable urban energy development. On the basis of the market roll-out and level of technological maturity, five commercially available battery technologies are assessed in this work, namely, lead–acid, lithium manganese oxide, nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, and vanadium redox flow. When considering sustainable development, environmental assessments provide valuable information. In this vein, an environmental analysis of the technologies is conducted using a life cycle assessment methodology from a cradle-to-gate perspective. A comparison of the environmental burden of battery components identified vanadium redox flow battery as the lowest environmental damage battery. In terms of components, electrodes; the electrolyte; and the set of pumps, motors, racks, and bolts exhibited the greatest environmental impact related to manufacturing. In terms of materials, copper, steel, sulphuric acid, and vanadium were identified as the main contributors to the midpoint impact categories. The results have highlighted that challenging materials 4.0 are still needed in battery manufacturing to provide sustainable technology designs required to the future urban planning based on circular economy demands.

Suggested Citation

  • Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez & Víctor J. Ferreira & Tatiana García-Armingol & Ana María López-Sabirón & Germán Ferreira, 2020. "Environmental Assessment of Electrochemical Energy Storage Device Manufacturing to Identify Drivers for Attaining Goals of Sustainable Materials 4.0," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:342-:d:303974
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    Cited by:

    1. Jani Das, 2022. "Comparative life cycle GHG emission analysis of conventional and electric vehicles in India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(11), pages 13294-13333, November.
    2. María Blecua-de-Pedro & Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez, 2021. "Assessment of Potential Barriers to the Implementation of an Innovative AB-FB Energy Storage System under a Sustainable Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-16, October.
    3. María Dolores Mainar-Toledo & Maryori Díaz-Ramírez & Snorri J. Egilsson & Claudio Zuffi & Giampaolo Manfrida & Héctor Leiva, 2023. "Environmental Impact Assessment of Nesjavellir Geothermal Power Plant for Heat and Electricity Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-21, September.
    4. Moacir Godinho Filho & Luiza Monteiro & Renata de Oliveira Mota & Jessica dos Santos Leite Gonella & Lucila Maria de Souza Campos, 2022. "The Relationship between Circular Economy, Industry 4.0 and Supply Chain Performance: A Combined ISM/Fuzzy MICMAC Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Posso Rivera, Fausto & Zalamea, Javier & Espinoza, Juan L. & Gonzalez, Luis G, 2022. "Sustainable use of spilled turbinable energy in Ecuador: Three different energy storage systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    6. Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez & Victor J. Ferreira & Tatiana García-Armingol & Ana M. López-Sabirón & Germán Ferreira, 2020. "Battery Manufacturing Resource Assessment to Minimise Component Production Environmental Impacts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-20, August.
    7. Anne P. M. Velenturf, 2021. "A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-41, September.

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