IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v11y2019i3p562-d199804.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Temporal Variation of the Wave Energy Flux in Hotspot Areas of the Black Sea

Author

Listed:
  • Adem Akpınar

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa 16059, Turkey)

  • Halid Jafali

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa 16059, Turkey)

  • Eugen Rusu

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitatea Dunarea de Jos Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania)

Abstract

This paper aims to examine the temporal variation of wave energy flux in the hotspot areas of the Black Sea. For this purpose, a 31-year long-term wave dataset produced by using a three-layered nested modelling system was used. Temporal variations of wave energy were determined at hourly, monthly, seasonal, and yearly basis at seventeen stations. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the stations have very low fluctuations in mean wave power during the day. Mean wave power in the summer months shows a low difference between the stations, but in the winter months, there is a higher difference in wave power between the stations. This difference is more at the stations in the southwestern part of the Black Sea and much lower in the eastern Black Sea stations around Sinop, being in the middle of the southern coast of the Black Sea. In addition, it is concluded that mean wave energy flux presents a decreasing trend at all stations, but maximum wave power offers an increasing trend at most of the stations.

Suggested Citation

  • Adem Akpınar & Halid Jafali & Eugen Rusu, 2019. "Temporal Variation of the Wave Energy Flux in Hotspot Areas of the Black Sea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-17, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:562-:d:199804
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/3/562/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/3/562/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kamranzad, Bahareh & Etemad-Shahidi, Amir & Chegini, Vahid, 2016. "Sustainability of wave energy resources in southern Caspian Sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 549-559.
    2. Leijon, Mats & Bernhoff, Hans & Berg, Marcus & Ågren, Olov, 2003. "Economical considerations of renewable electric energy production—especially development of wave energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(8), pages 1201-1209.
    3. Aydoğan, Burak & Ayat, Berna & Yüksel, Yalçın, 2013. "Black Sea wave energy atlas from 13 years hindcasted wave data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 436-447.
    4. Florin Onea & Liliana Rusu, 2017. "A Long-Term Assessment of the Black Sea Wave Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-18, October.
    5. Yana Saprykina & Sergey Kuznetsov, 2018. "Analysis of the Variability of Wave Energy Due to Climate Changes on the Example of the Black Sea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, August.
    6. Liliana Rusu, 2015. "Assessment of the Wave Energy in the Black Sea Based on a 15-Year Hindcast with Data Assimilation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-19, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Bingölbali, Bilal & Majidi, Ajab Gul & Akpınar, Adem, 2021. "Inter- and intra-annual wave energy resource assessment in the south-western Black Sea coast," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 809-819.
    2. Masoud, Alaa A., 2022. "On the Nile Fan's wave power potential and controlling factors integrating spectral and geostatistical techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 921-945.
    3. Rusu, Liliana, 2020. "A projection of the expected wave power in the Black Sea until the end of the 21st century," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 136-147.
    4. Lavidas, George, 2020. "Selection index for Wave Energy Deployments (SIWED): A near-deterministic index for wave energy converters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    5. Liliana Rusu & Eugen Rusu, 2021. "Evaluation of the Worldwide Wave Energy Distribution Based on ERA5 Data and Altimeter Measurements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-16, January.
    6. Foteinis, Spyros, 2022. "Wave energy converters in low energy seas: Current state and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kamranzad, Bahareh & Takara, Kaoru, 2020. "A climate-dependent sustainability index for wave energy resources in Northeast Asia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    2. Rusu, Liliana, 2019. "Evaluation of the near future wave energy resources in the Black Sea under two climate scenarios," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 137-146.
    3. Bingölbali, Bilal & Majidi, Ajab Gul & Akpınar, Adem, 2021. "Inter- and intra-annual wave energy resource assessment in the south-western Black Sea coast," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 809-819.
    4. Jahangir, Mohammad Hossein & Mazinani, Mehran, 2020. "Evaluation of the convertible offshore wave energy capacity of the southern strip of the Caspian Sea," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 331-346.
    5. Mahmoodi, Kumars & Ghassemi, Hassan & Razminia, Abolhassan, 2019. "Temporal and spatial characteristics of wave energy in the Persian Gulf based on the ERA5 reanalysis dataset," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    6. Aydoğan, Burak & Görmüş, Tahsin & Ayat, Berna & Çarpar, Tunay, 2021. "Analysis of potential changes in the Black Sea wave power for the 21st century," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 512-526.
    7. Khojasteh, Danial & Khojasteh, Davood & Kamali, Reza & Beyene, Asfaw & Iglesias, Gregorio, 2018. "Assessment of renewable energy resources in Iran; with a focus on wave and tidal energy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2992-3005.
    8. Şan, Murat & Akpınar, Adem & Bingölbali, Bilal & Kankal, Murat, 2021. "Geo-spatial multi-criteria evaluation of wave energy exploitation in a semi-enclosed sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    9. Yana Saprykina & Sergey Kuznetsov, 2018. "Analysis of the Variability of Wave Energy Due to Climate Changes on the Example of the Black Sea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, August.
    10. Karunarathna, Harshinie & Maduwantha, Pravin & Kamranzad, Bahareh & Rathnasooriya, Harsha & de Silva, Kasun, 2020. "Evaluation of spatio-temporal variability of ocean wave power resource around Sri Lanka," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    11. Liang, Bingchen & Shao, Zhuxiao & Wu, Guoxiang & Shao, Meng & Sun, Jinwei, 2017. "New equations of wave energy assessment accounting for the water depth," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 130-139.
    12. Kamranzad, Bahareh & Etemad-Shahidi, Amir & Chegini, Vahid, 2017. "Developing an optimum hotspot identifier for wave energy extracting in the northern Persian Gulf," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PA), pages 59-71.
    13. Kovaleva, Olga & Eelsalu, Maris & Soomere, Tarmo, 2017. "Hot-spots of large wave energy resources in relatively sheltered sections of the Baltic Sea coast," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 424-437.
    14. Florin Onea & Liliana Rusu, 2017. "A Long-Term Assessment of the Black Sea Wave Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-18, October.
    15. Hammar, Linus & Ehnberg, Jimmy & Mavume, Alberto & Francisco, Francisco & Molander, Sverker, 2012. "Simplified site-screening method for micro tidal current turbines applied in Mozambique," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 414-422.
    16. Joan Pau Sierra & Ricard Castrillo & Marc Mestres & César Mösso & Piero Lionello & Luigi Marzo, 2020. "Impact of Climate Change on Wave Energy Resource in the Mediterranean Coast of Morocco," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, June.
    17. Hammar, Linus & Ehnberg, Jimmy & Mavume, Alberto & Cuamba, Boaventura C. & Molander, Sverker, 2012. "Renewable ocean energy in the Western Indian Ocean," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 4938-4950.
    18. Leijon, Mats & Skoglund, Annika & Waters, Rafael & Rehn, Alf & Lindahl, Marcus, 2010. "On the physics of power, energy and economics of renewable electric energy sources – Part I," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 1729-1734.
    19. Wang, Zhifeng & Dong, Sheng & Li, Xue & Guedes Soares, C., 2016. "Assessments of wave energy in the Bohai Sea, China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 145-156.
    20. Kasiulis, Egidijus & Punys, Petras & Kofoed, Jens Peter, 2015. "Assessment of theoretical near-shore wave power potential along the Lithuanian coast of the Baltic Sea," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 134-142.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:562-:d:199804. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.