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Increasing Weekend Effect in Ground-Level O 3 in Metropolitan Areas of Mexico during 1988–2016

Author

Listed:
  • Iván Y. Hernández-Paniagua

    (CONACYT—Consorcio CENTROMET, Camino a Los Olvera 44, Los Olvera, Corregidora 76904, Querétaro, Mexico)

  • Rodrigo Lopez-Farias

    (CONACYT—Consorcio CENTROMET, Camino a Los Olvera 44, Los Olvera, Corregidora 76904, Querétaro, Mexico)

  • José J. Piña-Mondragón

    (CONACYT—Consorcio CENTROMET, Camino a Los Olvera 44, Los Olvera, Corregidora 76904, Querétaro, Mexico)

  • Juan A. Pichardo-Corpus

    (CONACYT—Consorcio CENTROMET, Camino a Los Olvera 44, Los Olvera, Corregidora 76904, Querétaro, Mexico)

  • Olivia Delgadillo-Ruiz

    (CONACYT—Consorcio CENTROMET, Camino a Los Olvera 44, Los Olvera, Corregidora 76904, Querétaro, Mexico)

  • Arnoldo Flores-Torres

    (CONACYT—Consorcio CENTROMET, Camino a Los Olvera 44, Los Olvera, Corregidora 76904, Querétaro, Mexico)

  • Agustín García-Reynoso

    (Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico)

  • Luis G. Ruiz-Suárez

    (Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico)

  • Alberto Mendoza

    (Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico)

Abstract

Here, we present an assessment of long-term trends in the O 3 weekend effect (WE) occurrences and spread within the Mexico City (MCMA), Guadalajara (GMA), and Monterrey (MMA) metropolitan areas, which are the three largest metropolitan areas (MAs) of Mexico and concentrate around 33% of the total population in the country. Daytime averages and peak differences in O 3 concentrations from weekdays to weekends were used as a proxy of WE occurrence. All MAs exhibited the occurrence of WE in all years at least in one monitoring site. Substantial differences in O 3 daytime averages and peaks from weekdays to weekends have decreased over time in all MAs, and since 1998 and 2013 for the MCMA and GMA, respectively, higher O 3 levels during weekends are typical during most of the year. The largest variations in the O 3 WE were observed at downwind and urban core sites of the MCMA and GMA. Significant increasing trends ( p < 0.05) in the O 3 WE magnitude were observed for Sundays at all sites within the MCMA, with trends in annual averages ranging between 0.33 and 1.29 ppb O 3 yr −1 . Within the GMA, for Sundays, fewer sites exhibited increasing trends in the WE occurrence and at lower growth rates (0.32 and 0.48 ppb yr −1 , p < 0.1) than within the MCMA, while within the MMA no apparent trends were observed in marked contrast with the MCMA and GMA. Our findings suggest that policies implemented have been successful in controlling weekday ground-level O 3 within the MCMA and GMA, but further actions must be introduced to control the increases in the O 3 WE magnitude and spread.

Suggested Citation

  • Iván Y. Hernández-Paniagua & Rodrigo Lopez-Farias & José J. Piña-Mondragón & Juan A. Pichardo-Corpus & Olivia Delgadillo-Ruiz & Arnoldo Flores-Torres & Agustín García-Reynoso & Luis G. Ruiz-Suárez & A, 2018. "Increasing Weekend Effect in Ground-Level O 3 in Metropolitan Areas of Mexico during 1988–2016," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:9:p:3330-:d:170503
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. J. Lelieveld & J. S. Evans & M. Fnais & D. Giannadaki & A. Pozzer, 2015. "The contribution of outdoor air pollution sources to premature mortality on a global scale," Nature, Nature, vol. 525(7569), pages 367-371, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Liyuan Wang & Ju Wang & Chunsheng Fang, 2020. "Assessing the Impact of Lockdown on Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Amid the First Half of 2020 in Shenyang, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-23, December.

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