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Caregiver Type and Gang Involvement: A Comparison of Female and Male Gang Members

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel Scott

    (Department of Social Sciences, Texas A&M International University, 5201 University Boulevard, Academic Innovation Center 313, Laredo, TX 78041, USA)

  • Natalie Goulette

    (Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA)

Abstract

Gang involvement and delinquency are prominent issues frequently examined in criminal justice scholarship. Research has revealed that gang involvement increases the likelihood of delinquency/crime, and that youth participate in gangs for a variety of reasons including protection, status, and a sense of belonging. Although research has found that various social and familial factors increase the probability of gang involvement, it primarily focuses on males, and little work has compared how a youth’s primary caregiver influences the likelihood of gang involvement among both male and female gang members. The current study uses school level data to examine gang involvement and primary caregiver type among male and female youth. The results identify significant differences in gang involvement among boys and girls when examining primary caretaker. The findings have implications for theory and programming in connection with youth gang involvement for both boys and girls.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Scott & Natalie Goulette, 2023. "Caregiver Type and Gang Involvement: A Comparison of Female and Male Gang Members," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:12:y:2023:i:8:p:432-:d:1207593
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Decker, Scott H. & Curry, G. David, 2002. "Gangs, gang homicides, and gang loyalty:: Organized crimes or disorganized criminals," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 343-352.
    2. Ryan, Joseph P. & Hong, Jun Sung & Herz, Denise & Hernandez, Pedro M., 2010. "Kinship foster care and the risk of juvenile delinquency," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(12), pages 1823-1830, December.
    3. Smith, Gregory C. & Hayslip, Bert & Webster, Britney A., 2019. "Psychological difficulties among custodial grandchildren," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 1-1.
    4. Rodgers-Farmer, Antoinette Y., 1999. "Parenting stress, depression, and parenting in grandmothers raising their grandchildren," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 377-388, May.
    5. Lee, Sei-Young & Villagrana, Margarita, 2015. "Differences in risk and protective factors between crossover and non-crossover youth in juvenile justice," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 18-27.
    6. Goulette, Natalie W. & Evans, Sara Z. & King, Dione, 2016. "Exploring the behavior of juveniles and young adults raised by custodial grandmothers," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 349-356.
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