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From foster care to juvenile justice: Exploring characteristics of youth in three cities

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  • Cutuli, J.J.
  • Goerge, Robert M.
  • Coulton, Claudia
  • Schretzman, Maryanne
  • Crampton, David
  • Charvat, Benjamin J.
  • Lalich, Nina
  • Raithel, JessicaA.
  • Gacitua, Cristobal
  • Lee, Eun Lye

Abstract

Children placed in foster care are at risk for becoming involved with the juvenile justice system. This study documents the rates at which children involved with foster care enter the juvenile justice system (crossover or dually involved), and the factors associated with this risk. We utilize multiple birth cohorts and prospective, longitudinal data from birth to maturity separately in three major American cities. Analyses consider integrated administrative records from multiple birth cohorts representing populations in Cook County (Chicago; N=26,003), Cuyahoga County (Cleveland; N=10,284), and New York City (N=13,065). Crossover rates ranged from 7 to 24%. African American males, and children who experienced congregate care were at highest risk for juvenile justice involvement. Older age at first foster care placement signaled progressively greater risk, as did more foster care spells for those first placed as infants. We discuss findings in terms of developmental theory, and as actionable intelligence to inform prevention, practice, and policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Cutuli, J.J. & Goerge, Robert M. & Coulton, Claudia & Schretzman, Maryanne & Crampton, David & Charvat, Benjamin J. & Lalich, Nina & Raithel, JessicaA. & Gacitua, Cristobal & Lee, Eun Lye, 2016. "From foster care to juvenile justice: Exploring characteristics of youth in three cities," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 84-94.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:67:y:2016:i:c:p:84-94
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.06.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yang, Jennifer & McCuish, Evan C. & Corrado, Raymond R., 2017. "Foster care beyond placement: Offending outcomes in emerging adulthood," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 46-54.
    2. Lee, Jane Jiyoun & Holmes, Lisa, 2021. "Longitudinal trajectories of behavioral problems among children in out-of-home care: A systematic review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    3. Kim, Minseop & Garcia, Antonio R. & Lee, Lewis H., 2021. "Dual system youth: Subsequent system re-entry after receiving mental health services," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    4. Yoon, Miyoung & Bender, Anna E. & Park, Jiho, 2018. "The association between out-of-home placement and offending behavior among maltreated youth: A systematic review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 263-281.
    5. Baidawi, Susan & Sheehan, Rosemary & Flynn, Catherine, 2020. "Criminal exploitation of child protection-involved youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    6. Kim, Minseop & Garcia, Antonio R. & Jung, Nahri & Barnhart, Sheila, 2020. "Rates and predictors of mental health service use among dual system youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    7. Ball, Rubini & Baidawi, Susan, 2021. "Aboriginal crossover children’s characteristics, service needs and service responses: The views of Australian key stakeholders," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    8. Baidawi, Susan & Ball, Rubini, 2023. "Child protection and youth offending: Differences in youth criminal court-involved children by dual system involvement," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).

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    Child welfare; Juvenile justice;

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