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Mixed Convective Stagnation Point Flow towards a Vertical Riga Plate in Hybrid Cu-Al 2 O 3 /Water Nanofluid

Author

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  • Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie

    (Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
    Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia)

  • Norihan Md Arifin

    (Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
    Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Ioan Pop

    (Department of Mathematics, Babeş-Bolyai University, R-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

Abstract

The present work highlights the stagnation point flow with mixed convection induced by a Riga plate using a Cu-Al 2 O 3 /water hybrid nanofluid. The electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) force generated from the Riga plate was influential in the heat transfer performance and applicable to delay the boundary layer separation. Similarity transformation was used to reduce the complexity of the governing model. MATLAB software, through the bvp4c function, was used to compute the resulting nonlinear ODEs. Pure forced convective flow has a distinctive solution, whereas two similarity solutions were attainable for the buoyancy assisting and opposing flows. The first solution was validated as the physical solution through the analysis of flow stability. The accretion of copper volumetric concentration inflated the heat transfer rate for the aiding and opposing flows. The heat transfer rate increased approximately up to an average of 10.216% when the copper volumetric concentration increased from 0.005 ( 0.5 % ) to 0.03 ( 3 % ) .

Suggested Citation

  • Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie & Norihan Md Arifin & Ioan Pop, 2020. "Mixed Convective Stagnation Point Flow towards a Vertical Riga Plate in Hybrid Cu-Al 2 O 3 /Water Nanofluid," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:8:y:2020:i:6:p:912-:d:367068
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ishak, Anuar & Nazar, Roslinda & Bachok, Norfifah & Pop, Ioan, 2010. "MHD mixed convection flow near the stagnation-point on a vertical permeable surface," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(1), pages 40-46.
    2. Siti Nur Alwani Salleh & Norfifah Bachok & Norihan Md Arifin & Fadzilah Md Ali & Ioan Pop, 2018. "Magnetohydrodynamics Flow Past a Moving Vertical Thin Needle in a Nanofluid with Stability Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Sarkar, Jahar & Ghosh, Pradyumna & Adil, Arjumand, 2015. "A review on hybrid nanofluids: Recent research, development and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 164-177.
    4. Das, Prodip K. & Li, Xianguo & Liu, Zhong-Sheng, 2010. "Effective transport coefficients in PEM fuel cell catalyst and gas diffusion layers: Beyond Bruggeman approximation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(9), pages 2785-2796, September.
    5. Akilu, Suleiman & Sharma, K.V. & Baheta, Aklilu Tesfamichael & Mamat, Rizalman, 2016. "A review of thermophysical properties of water based composite nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 654-678.
    6. Ranga Babu, J.A. & Kumar, K. Kiran & Srinivasa Rao, S., 2017. "State-of-art review on hybrid nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 551-565.
    7. Sundar, L. Syam & Sharma, K.V. & Singh, Manoj K. & Sousa, A.C.M., 2017. "Hybrid nanofluids preparation, thermal properties, heat transfer and friction factor – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P1), pages 185-198.
    8. Nur Syazana Anuar & Norfifah Bachok & Ioan Pop, 2018. "A Stability Analysis of Solutions in Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer of Carbon Nanotubes over a Moving Plate with Slip Effect," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, November.
    9. Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie & Norihan Md Arifin & Roslinda Nazar & Ezad Hafidz Hafidzuddin & Nadihah Wahi & Ioan Pop, 2019. "A Stability Analysis for Magnetohydrodynamics Stagnation Point Flow with Zero Nanoparticles Flux Condition and Anisotropic Slip," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, April.
    10. Leong, K.Y. & Ku Ahmad, K.Z. & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Ghazali, M.J. & Baharum, Azizah, 2017. "Synthesis and thermal conductivity characteristic of hybrid nanofluids – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 868-878.
    11. Sarafraz, M.M. & Safaei, M.R., 2019. "Diurnal thermal evaluation of an evacuated tube solar collector (ETSC) charged with graphene nanoplatelets-methanol nano-suspension," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 364-372.
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    1. Ahmed M. Abed & Ali AlArjani & Laila F. Seddek & Samia ElAttar, 2023. "Modify the Injection Machine Mechanism to Enhance the Recycling of Plastic Waste Mixed with MHD Nanoparticles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-36, February.

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